22-28725281-A-G

Variant names:

• chr22-28725281-A-G
• rs1555927222
• NM_007194.4:c.406T>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points: 5P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3

The NM_007194.4(CHEK2):​c.406T>C​(p.Tyr136His) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: CHEK2 NM_007194.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.76

Genes affected

CHEK2 (HGNC:16627): (checkpoint kinase 2) In response to DNA damage and replication blocks, cell cycle progression is halted through the control of critical cell cycle regulators. The protein encoded by this gene is a cell cycle checkpoint regulator and putative tumor suppressor. It contains a forkhead-associated protein interaction domain essential for activation in response to DNA damage and is rapidly phosphorylated in response to replication blocks and DNA damage. When activated, the encoded protein is known to inhibit CDC25C phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis, and has been shown to stabilize the tumor suppressor protein p53, leading to cell cycle arrest in G1. In addition, this protein interacts with and phosphorylates BRCA1, allowing BRCA1 to restore survival after DNA damage. Mutations in this gene have been linked with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a highly penetrant familial cancer phenotype usually associated with inherited mutations in TP53. Also, mutations in this gene are thought to confer a predisposition to sarcomas, breast cancer, and brain tumors. This nuclear protein is a member of the CDS1 subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a domain FHA (size 62) in uniprot entity CHK2_HUMAN there are 10 pathogenic changes around while only 2 benign (83%) in NM_007194.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.748

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CHEK2	NM_007194.4	c.406T>C	p.Tyr136His	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 15	ENST00000404276.6	NP_009125.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CHEK2	ENST00000404276.6	c.406T>C	p.Tyr136His	missense_variant	Exon 3 of 15	1	NM_007194.4	ENSP00000385747.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Mar 04, 2025

Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Mar 14, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.Y136H variant (also known as c.406T>C), located in coding exon 2 of the CHEK2 gene, results from a T to C substitution at nucleotide position 406. The tyrosine at codon 136 is replaced by histidine, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is conserved. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

Jun 29, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces tyrosine, which is neutral and polar, with histidine, which is basic and polar, at codon 136 of the CHEK2 protein (p.Tyr136His). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with CHEK2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 460832). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.93
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.26	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.13
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.53	D;.;D;D;.;D;.;.;.;D;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.47
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.53
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.96	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.91	.;D;.;.;D;D;.;D;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.10	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.75	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.62	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.7	L;L;L;L;.;L;L;.;.;.;.;.
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.71	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.9	D;D;D;D;D;.;D;D;D;.;.;.
REVEL	Uncertain	0.61
Sift	Uncertain	0.0060	D;D;D;D;T;.;D;D;T;.;.;.
Sift4G	Benign	0.14	T;D;T;T;T;.;D;D;T;D;.;.
Polyphen		0.65	P;D;P;P;P;P;D;.;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.56
MutPred		0.43		Gain of disorder (P = 0.0293);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0293);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0293);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0293);.;Gain of disorder (P = 0.0293);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0293);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0293);.;Gain of disorder (P = 0.0293);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0293);Gain of disorder (P = 0.0293);
MVP		0.96
MPC		0.17
ClinPred		0.92	D
GERP RS		5.9
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.82
gMVP		0.60

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1555927222; hg19: chr22-29121269;