22-28734418-C-T

Variant names:

• chr22-28734418-C-T
• rs876659833
• NM_007194.4:c.304G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points: 3P and 0B. PM2 PP3

The NM_007194.4(CHEK2):​c.304G>A​(p.Gly102Arg) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. G102V) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0 (0 hom.)
  • Failed GnomAD Quality Control
• Consequence: CHEK2 NM_007194.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.01
• Publications: 6 publications found

Genes affected

CHEK2 (HGNC:16627): (checkpoint kinase 2) In response to DNA damage and replication blocks, cell cycle progression is halted through the control of critical cell cycle regulators. The protein encoded by this gene is a cell cycle checkpoint regulator and putative tumor suppressor. It contains a forkhead-associated protein interaction domain essential for activation in response to DNA damage and is rapidly phosphorylated in response to replication blocks and DNA damage. When activated, the encoded protein is known to inhibit CDC25C phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis, and has been shown to stabilize the tumor suppressor protein p53, leading to cell cycle arrest in G1. In addition, this protein interacts with and phosphorylates BRCA1, allowing BRCA1 to restore survival after DNA damage. Mutations in this gene have been linked with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a highly penetrant familial cancer phenotype usually associated with inherited mutations in TP53. Also, mutations in this gene are thought to confer a predisposition to sarcomas, breast cancer, and brain tumors. This nuclear protein is a member of the CDS1 subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

CHEK2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• CHEK2-related cancer predisposition

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
• Li-Fraumeni syndrome 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
• acute myeloid leukemia

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen
• familial ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.764

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CHEK2	NM_007194.4	c.304G>A	p.Gly102Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 15	ENST00000404276.6	NP_009125.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CHEK2	ENST00000404276.6	c.304G>A	p.Gly102Arg	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 15	1	NM_007194.4	ENSP00000385747.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome Data not reliable, filtered out with message: AC0 AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1461704 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 727138

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33478

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86254

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53402

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1111866

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60376

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

Nov 20, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 102 of the CHEK2 protein (p.Gly102Arg). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with CHEK2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 568858). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Dec 12, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.G102R variant (also known as c.304G>A), located in coding exon 1 of the CHEK2 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 304. The glycine at codon 102 is replaced by arginine, an amino acid with dissimilar properties. This variant was reported in a cohort of individuals diagnosed with breast cancer (Dumont M et al. Cancers (Basel), 2022 Jul;14:).This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.94
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.43	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.38
CADD	Pathogenic	27
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.35	T;.;T;T;.;T;.;.;.;.;T;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.61
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.62
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.95	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.95	.;D;.;.;D;D;D;.;D;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.23	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.76	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.49	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.3	M;M;M;M;M;M;M;M;.;.;.;.;.
PhyloP100		5.0
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.67	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.2	D;D;D;D;D;.;D;D;D;D;D;.;.
REVEL	Uncertain	0.61
Sift	Benign	0.15	T;T;T;T;D;.;D;T;D;D;D;.;.
Sift4G	Benign	0.41	T;T;T;T;D;.;D;T;D;D;D;.;.
Polyphen		0.97	D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;.;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.79
MutPred		0.44		Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);Gain of solvent accessibility (P = 0.1846);
MVP		0.94
MPC		0.17
ClinPred		0.97	D
GERP RS		5.3
PromoterAI		-0.027	Neutral
Varity_R		0.72
gMVP		0.50
Mutation Taster		=20/80	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs876659833; hg19: chr22-29130406; COSMIC: COSV60422064; COSMIC: COSV60422064;