22-28734565-A-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points: 0P and 2B. BP4BS2_Supporting

The NM_007194.4(CHEK2):c.157T>A(p.Ser53Thr) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000297 in 1,613,876 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. S53C) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 ( 0 hom., cov: 31)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000031 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

CHEK2
NM_007194.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:11B:2O:1

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.92

Publications

9 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

CHEK2 (HGNC:16627): (checkpoint kinase 2) In response to DNA damage and replication blocks, cell cycle progression is halted through the control of critical cell cycle regulators. The protein encoded by this gene is a cell cycle checkpoint regulator and putative tumor suppressor. It contains a forkhead-associated protein interaction domain essential for activation in response to DNA damage and is rapidly phosphorylated in response to replication blocks and DNA damage. When activated, the encoded protein is known to inhibit CDC25C phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis, and has been shown to stabilize the tumor suppressor protein p53, leading to cell cycle arrest in G1. In addition, this protein interacts with and phosphorylates BRCA1, allowing BRCA1 to restore survival after DNA damage. Mutations in this gene have been linked with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a highly penetrant familial cancer phenotype usually associated with inherited mutations in TP53. Also, mutations in this gene are thought to confer a predisposition to sarcomas, breast cancer, and brain tumors. This nuclear protein is a member of the CDS1 subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

CHEK2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

CHEK2-related cancer predisposition
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
hereditary breast carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
Li-Fraumeni syndrome 2
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
acute myeloid leukemia
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen
familial ovarian cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

CHEK2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -2 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.31754956).

BS2

High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 45 AD gene. Variant has AC lower than other variant known as pathogenic in the gene, so the strength is limited to Supporting.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CHEK2	NM_007194.4 link	c.157T>A	p.Ser53Thr	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 15	ENST00000404276.6	NP_009125.1	O96017-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CHEK2	ENST00000404276.6 link	c.157T>A	p.Ser53Thr	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 15	1	NM_007194.4	ENSP00000385747.1		O96017-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

151982

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000242

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000657

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000477

AC:

AN:

251418

AF XY:

0.0000515

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000616

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000308

AC:

AN:

1461894

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000344

AC XY:

AN XY:

727248

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000447

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000116

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53420

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.000173

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000288

AC:

AN:

1112012

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60396

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.496

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

151982

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74200

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000242

AC:

AN:

41384

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000657

AC:

AN:

15230

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3468

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5168

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4794

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10604

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000147

AC:

AN:

68012

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2094

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.575

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000868

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000189

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000116

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000247

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.00

EpiControl

AF:

0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:11Benign:2Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Familial cancer of breast

Uncertain:4Benign:1

Mar 09, 2023

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign. This variant is strongly associated with less severe personal and family histories of cancer, typical for individuals without pathogenic variants in this gene [PMID: 25085752]. -

Oct 11, 2016

Counsyl

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com. -

Jul 02, 2018

Mendelics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jan 26, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with threonine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 53 of the CHEK2 protein (p.Ser53Thr). This variant is present in population databases (rs371657037, gnomAD 0.01%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with Wilms tumor or breast cancer (PMID: 30344923, 35534704). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 133888). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Feb 24, 2024

Baylor Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Mar 31, 2025

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This missense variant replaces serine with threonine at codon 53 of the CHEK2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in individuals affected with ovarian cancer (DOI: 10.26650/experimed.1187969) and breast cancer (PMID: 33471991), as well as in unaffected control individuals (PMID: 24728327, 32658311, 33471991). This variant has been identified in 12/251418 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Feb 19, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.S53T variant (also known as c.157T>A), located in coding exon 1 of the CHEK2 gene, results from a T to A substitution at nucleotide position 157. The serine at codon 53 is replaced by threonine, an amino acid with similar properties. This alteration was detected by genome sequencing in an ancestrally diverse cohort of 681 healthy individuals (Bodian DL et al. PLoS One. 2014 Apr 11;9(4):e94554). This alteration was seen in 0/732 breast cancer patients, 0/189 colorectal cancer patients and 1/490 cancer-free elderly controls in a Turkish population (Akcay IM et al. Int J Cancer, 2021 01;148:285-295). In another study, this variant was reported in 5/60,466 breast cancer cases and in 3/53,461 controls (Dorling et al. N Engl J Med 2021 02;384:428-439). This alteration was reported as functional in a study assessing CHEK2-complementation through quantification of KAP1 phosphorylation and CHK2 autophosphorylation in human RPE1-CHEK2-knockout cells (Stolarova L et al. Clin Cancer Res. 2023 Aug;29(16):3037-3050). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

not specified

Uncertain:1Other:1

Sep 19, 2013

ITMI

Significance:not provided

Review Status:no classification provided

Collection Method:reference population

- -

Dec 12, 2023

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: CHEK2 c.157T>A (p.Ser53Thr) results in a conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Three of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 4.8e-05 in 251418 control chromosomes (gnomAD). This frequency is not significantly higher than estimated for a pathogenic variant in CHEK2 causing Hereditary Breast And Ovarian Cancer Syndrome (4.8e-05 vs 0.00031), allowing no conclusion about variant significance. c.157T>A has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with breast cancer (e.g. Dorling_2021, de Oliveira_2022) and also in unaffected controls (e.g. Bodian_2014, Ackay_2021, Dorling_2021). These reports do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Hereditary Breast And Ovarian Cancer Syndrome. A co-occurrence with a pathogenic variant has been reported in an individual with a personal and family history of breast cancer (BRCA1 c.5074+2T>C; de Oliveira_2022), providing supporting evidence for a benign role. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 32658311, 24728327, 30344923, 33471991, 35534704). Nine submitters have cited clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014. Eight submitters have classified the variant as uncertain significance and one classified it as likely benign. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as uncertain significance. -

Li-Fraumeni syndrome

Uncertain:1

Oct 08, 2021

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not provided

Uncertain:1

Jun 09, 2025

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Identified in individuals with breast or colorectal cancer, but also present in unaffected controls (PMID: 24728327, 32658311, 33471991); Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis suggests that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Published functional studies demonstrate no damaging effect: KAP1 and CHK2 kinase activity comparable to wild-type (PMID: 37449874); This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 31398194, 30344923, 33471991, 24728327, 32658311, 22419737, Ates2022[Article], 35534704, 22114986, 11733767, 37449874) -

Familial cancer of breast;C0376358:Prostate cancer;C0585442:Bone osteosarcoma;C5882668:CHEK2-related cancer predisposition

Uncertain:1

Oct 31, 2018

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

CHEK2-related cancer predisposition

Uncertain:1

Jan 12, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -

Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 2

Benign:1

Dipartimento Di Medicina Di Precisione, Università Degli Studi Della Campania Luigi Vanvitelli

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The missense variant c.157T>A (p.Ser53Thr) in CHEK2, located in exon 3, results in the substitution of a serine residue with threonine. Initially classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance (VUS), this variant has been reclassified as benign based on silico prediction tools indicating no significant impact on protein function. Additionally, it is rare in population databases and lacks evidence of pathogenicity from clinical or functional studies. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.093

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.018

BayesDel_noAF

Uncertain

-0.030

CADD

Uncertain

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.99

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.33

T;.;T;T;.;T;.;.;.;.;T;.;.

Eigen

Uncertain

0.55

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.56

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.95

LIST_S2

Benign

0.61

.;T;.;.;T;T;T;.;T;T;T;T;T

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.13

MetaRNN

Benign

0.32

T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.70

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.2

M;M;M;M;M;M;M;M;.;.;.;.;.

PhyloP100

5.9

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.57

PROVEAN

Benign

-1.1

N;N;N;N;N;.;N;N;N;N;N;.;.

REVEL

Benign

0.17

Sift

Benign

0.43

T;T;T;T;T;.;D;T;D;T;D;.;.

Sift4G

Benign

0.15

T;T;T;T;D;.;D;T;D;D;D;.;.

Polyphen

0.96

P;D;P;P;D;P;D;D;.;.;.;.;.

Vest4

0.41

MVP

0.97

MPC

0.15

ClinPred

0.55

GERP RS

5.4

PromoterAI

-0.013

Neutral

(source)

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.15

gMVP

0.34

Mutation Taster

=74/26

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over