22-28734643-G-C

Variant names:

• chr22-28734643-G-C
• rs376736188
• NM_007194.4:c.79C>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 1 ACMG points: 2P and 1B. PM2 BP4

The NM_007194.4(CHEK2):​c.79C>G​(p.Gln27Glu) variant causes a missense change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. Q27R) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
• Consequence: CHEK2 NM_007194.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3 O:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.79
• Publications: 6 publications found

Genes affected

CHEK2 (HGNC:16627): (checkpoint kinase 2) In response to DNA damage and replication blocks, cell cycle progression is halted through the control of critical cell cycle regulators. The protein encoded by this gene is a cell cycle checkpoint regulator and putative tumor suppressor. It contains a forkhead-associated protein interaction domain essential for activation in response to DNA damage and is rapidly phosphorylated in response to replication blocks and DNA damage. When activated, the encoded protein is known to inhibit CDC25C phosphatase, preventing entry into mitosis, and has been shown to stabilize the tumor suppressor protein p53, leading to cell cycle arrest in G1. In addition, this protein interacts with and phosphorylates BRCA1, allowing BRCA1 to restore survival after DNA damage. Mutations in this gene have been linked with Li-Fraumeni syndrome, a highly penetrant familial cancer phenotype usually associated with inherited mutations in TP53. Also, mutations in this gene are thought to confer a predisposition to sarcomas, breast cancer, and brain tumors. This nuclear protein is a member of the CDS1 subfamily of serine/threonine protein kinases. Several transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2012]

CHEK2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• CHEK2-related cancer predisposition

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
• Li-Fraumeni syndrome 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
• acute myeloid leukemia

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen
• familial ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 1 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.2990477).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CHEK2	NM_007194.4	c.79C>G	p.Gln27Glu	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 15	ENST00000404276.6	NP_009125.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CHEK2	ENST00000404276.6	c.79C>G	p.Gln27Glu	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 15	1	NM_007194.4	ENSP00000385747.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00000378

ESP6500AA AF: 0.00 AC: 0

ESP6500EA AF: 0.000116 AC: 1

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3 Other:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:1

Aug 23, 2019

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed in large population cohorts (Lek 2016); In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports that this variant does not alter protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Mar 25, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.Q27E variant (also known as c.79C>G), located in coding exon 1 of the CHEK2 gene, results from a C to G substitution at nucleotide position 79. The glutamine at codon 27 is replaced by glutamic acid, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear. -

Familial cancer of breast Uncertain:1

Sep 16, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces glutamine, which is neutral and polar, with glutamic acid, which is acidic and polar, at codon 27 of the CHEK2 protein (p.Gln27Glu). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with CHEK2-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 441100). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer Other:1

-

GenomeConnect, ClinGen

Significance: not provided

Review Status: no classification provided

Collection Method: phenotyping only

GenomeConnect assertions are reported exactly as they appear on the patient-provided report from the testing laboratory. GenomeConnect staff make no attempt to reinterpret the clinical significance of the variant. -

CHEK2-related cancer predisposition Other:1

-

GenomeConnect - Invitae Patient Insights Network

Significance: not provided

Review Status: no classification provided

Collection Method: phenotyping only

Variant interpreted as Uncertain significance and reported on 03-04-2017 by GeneDx. GenomeConnect-Invitae Patient Insights Network assertions are reported exactly as they appear on the patient-provided report from the testing laboratory. Registry team members make no attempt to reinterpret the clinical significance of the variant. Phenotypic details are available under supporting information. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.077
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.18	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.020
CADD	Benign	21
DANN	Uncertain	0.98
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.093	T;.;T;T;.;T;.;.;.;.;T;.;.
Eigen	Benign	0.068
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.082
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.83	.;T;.;.;T;T;T;.;T;T;T;T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.072	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.30	T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.30	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.9	L;L;L;L;L;L;L;L;.;.;.;.;.
PhyloP100		3.8
PrimateAI	Benign	0.37	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.12	N;N;N;N;N;.;N;N;N;N;N;.;.
REVEL	Benign	0.16
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D;D;D;D;.;D;D;D;D;D;.;.
Sift4G	Benign	0.43	T;T;T;T;T;.;T;T;T;T;T;.;.
Polyphen		0.65	P;P;P;P;P;P;P;P;.;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.49
MVP		0.99
MPC		0.13
ClinPred		0.88	D
GERP RS		4.6
PromoterAI		-0.0063	Neutral
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.1
Varity_R		0.19
gMVP		0.14
Mutation Taster		=87/13	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs376736188; hg19: chr22-29130631;