3-12608923-C-A

Position:

• chr3-12608923-C-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points: 5P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP2

The NM_002880.4(RAF1):​c.424G>T​(p.Ala142Ser) variant causes a missense, splice region change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. 2/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: RAF1 NM_002880.4 missense, splice_region
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 0.9996
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.90

Genes affected

RAF1 (HGNC:9829): (Raf-1 proto-oncogene, serine/threonine kinase) This gene is the cellular homolog of viral raf gene (v-raf). The encoded protein is a MAP kinase kinase kinase (MAP3K), which functions downstream of the Ras family of membrane associated GTPases to which it binds directly. Once activated, the cellular RAF1 protein can phosphorylate to activate the dual specificity protein kinases MEK1 and MEK2, which in turn phosphorylate to activate the serine/threonine specific protein kinases, ERK1 and ERK2. Activated ERKs are pleiotropic effectors of cell physiology and play an important role in the control of gene expression involved in the cell division cycle, apoptosis, cell differentiation and cell migration. Mutations in this gene are associated with Noonan syndrome 5 and LEOPARD syndrome 2. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 12 uncertain in NM_002880.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), RAF1. . Gene score misZ 2.4628 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 3.4185 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with Noonan syndrome 5, dilated cardiomyopathy 1NN, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines, Noonan syndrome, cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome, familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy, LEOPARD syndrome 2, Costello syndrome.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
RAF1	NM_002880.4	c.424G>T	p.Ala142Ser	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	5/17	ENST00000251849.9

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
RAF1	ENST00000251849.9	c.424G>T	p.Ala142Ser	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	5/17	1	NM_002880.4	P3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Aug 23, 2016

The p.Ala142Ser variant in RAF1 has not been previously reported in individuals with clinical features of Noonan syndrome or in large population studies. This v ariant is located in the first base of the exon, which is part of the 3? splice region. Computational tools do not suggest an impact to splicing. However, this information is not predictive enough to rule out pathogenicity. In summary, the clinical significance of the p.Ala142Ser variant is uncertain. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.29
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.11	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	-0.080
CADD	Pathogenic	29
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.78	D;.;D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.22
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.38
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.94	D;D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.31	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.58	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.44	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.72	N;N;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.83	D
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.5	N;N;N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.63
Sift	Benign	0.046	D;T;T
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.039	D;D;D
Polyphen		0.29	B;.;.
Vest4		0.41
MutPred		0.55		Loss of glycosylation at T138 (P = 0.0472);Loss of glycosylation at T138 (P = 0.0472);.;
MVP		0.82
MPC		0.46
ClinPred		0.87	D
GERP RS		5.5
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.34
gMVP		0.60

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.95
SpliceAI score (max)		0.020		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1553614748; hg19: chr3-12650422;