3-129528760-C-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3_Strong

The NM_000539.3(RHO):c.27C>A(p.Phe9Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,886 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. F9V) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 6.8e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: RHO NM_000539.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.898

Genes affected

RHO (HGNC:10012): (rhodopsin) The protein encoded by this gene is found in rod cells in the back of the eye and is essential for vision in low-light conditions. The encoded protein binds to 11-cis retinal and is activated when light hits the retinal molecule. Defects in this gene are a cause of congenital stationary night blindness. [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 8 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 10 uncertain in NM_000539.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.979

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
RHO	NM_000539.3	c.27C>A	p.Phe9Leu	missense_variant	1/5	ENST00000296271.4

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
RHO	ENST00000296271.4	c.27C>A	p.Phe9Leu	missense_variant	1/5	1	NM_000539.3	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251406 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000736 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 135890

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000879

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.84e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1461886 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000138 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 727246

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 8.99e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Dec 11, 2023	This sequence change replaces phenylalanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 9 of the RHO protein (p.Phe9Leu). This variant is present in population databases (no rsID available, gnomAD 0.0009%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with RHO-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 1022808). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt RHO protein function with a positive predictive value of 95%. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may create or strengthen a splice site. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Jun 10, 2022	Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.97
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.49	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.47
Cadd	Uncertain	24
Dann	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.90	D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.61
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.46
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.84	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.95	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.54	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.98	D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.0	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.7	H
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.79	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.2	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.85
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0010	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.87
MutPred		0.88		Loss of glycosylation at T4 (P = 0.0213);
MVP		0.99
MPC		0.93
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		2.2
Varity_R		0.94
gMVP		0.90

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1361105199; hg19: chr3-129247603;