3-179218295-A-G

Position:

• chr3-179218295-A-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 17 ACMG points: 17P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP3_Moderate PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_006218.4(PIK3CA):​c.1625A>G​(p.Glu542Gly) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. E542K) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: PIK3CA NM_006218.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 8.95

Genes affected

PIK3CA (HGNC:8975): (phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase catalytic subunit alpha) Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase is composed of an 85 kDa regulatory subunit and a 110 kDa catalytic subunit. The protein encoded by this gene represents the catalytic subunit, which uses ATP to phosphorylate PtdIns, PtdIns4P and PtdIns(4,5)P2. This gene has been found to be oncogenic and has been implicated in cervical cancers. A pseudogene of this gene has been defined on chromosome 22. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]

PIK3CA (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 17 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a domain PIK helical (size 177) in uniprot entity PK3CA_HUMAN there are 5 pathogenic changes around while only 0 benign (100%) in NM_006218.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr3-179218294-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].
• PP2: Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), PIK3CA. . Gene score misZ 5.5986 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 6.1406 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with hereditary breast carcinoma, vascular malformation, Cowden disease, Cowden syndrome 5, CLOVES syndrome, familial ovarian cancer, megalencephaly-capillary malformation-polymicrogyria syndrome, overgrowth syndrome and/or cerebral malformations due to abnormalities in MTOR pathway genes.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.906
• PP5: Variant 3-179218295-A-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr3-179218295-A-G is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 376475.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PIK3CA	NM_006218.4	c.1625A>G	p.Glu542Gly	missense_variant	10/21	ENST00000263967.4	NP_006209.2
PIK3CA	XM_006713658.5	c.1625A>G	p.Glu542Gly	missense_variant	10/21		XP_006713721.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PIK3CA	ENST00000263967.4	c.1625A>G	p.Glu542Gly	missense_variant	10/21	2	NM_006218.4	ENSP00000263967.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Inborn genetic diseases Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Jan 13, 2017

- -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Nov 16, 2021

The p.Glu542Gly change affects a highly conserved amino acid residue located in a domain of the PIK3CA protein that is known to be functional. The p.Glu542Gly substitution appears to be deleterious using several in-silico pathogenicity prediction tools (SIFT, PolyPhen2, Align GVGD, REVEL). This particular amino acid change does not appear to have been described in the literature in other individuals with PIK3CA related disorders. However, a different pathogenic sequence change affecting the same amino acid residue (p.Glu542Lys) has been described in multiple individuals with PIK3CA-related segmental overgrowth disorders including megalencephaly-capillary malformation-polymicrogyria syndrome; (MCAP) and congenital lipomatous overgrowth with vascular, epidermal, and skeletal anomalies (CLOVES syndrome) (PMIDs: 22658544, 27631024, 25044986). This sequence change has not been described in the population databases such as ExAC and gnomAD (dbSNP rs1057519927). These collective evidences indicate that this sequence change is likely pathogenic; however functional studies have not been performed to prove this conclusively. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.83
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.32	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.22
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.93	D;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.20
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.37
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.94	D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.053	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.91	D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.84	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.5	L;.
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.81	D
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-4.1	D;.
REVEL	Uncertain	0.55
Sift	Benign	0.091	T;.
Sift4G	Benign	0.10	T;.
Polyphen		0.29	B;.
Vest4		0.87
MutPred		0.79		Gain of glycosylation at S541 (P = 0.0427);Gain of glycosylation at S541 (P = 0.0427);
MVP		0.89
MPC		2.0
ClinPred		0.95	D
GERP RS		5.8
Varity_R		0.82
gMVP		0.71

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1057519927; hg19: chr3-178936083; COSMIC: COSV55876800; COSMIC: COSV55876800;