3-36993654-T-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 4 ACMG points: 4P and 0B. PM1PP3_Moderate

The NM_000249.4(MLH1):c.107T>C(p.Ile36Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000372 in 1,614,008 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. I36M) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 33)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000034 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

MLH1
NM_000249.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.62

Variant links:

Genes affected

MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

MLH1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 4 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 11 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 2 benign, 15 uncertain in NM_000249.4

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.866

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MLH1	NM_000249.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.107T>C	p.Ile36Thr	missense_variant	1/19	ENST00000231790.8

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MLH1	ENST00000231790.8 linkuse as main transcript	c.107T>C	p.Ile36Thr	missense_variant	1/19	1	NM_000249.4	P1	P40692-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152162

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.00000399

AC:

AN:

250752

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

135666

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000342

AC:

AN:

1461846

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000413

AC XY:

AN XY:

727224

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000447

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.00000270

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00000657

AC:

AN:

152162

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000135

AC XY:

AN XY:

74340

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.0000654

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Nov 08, 2023	This missense variant replaces isoleucine with threonine at codon 36 of the MLH1 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may have deleterious impact on protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold >= 0.7, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with MLH1-related disorders in the literature. This variant has been identified in 1/250752 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Dec 21, 2018	The p.I36T variant (also known as c.107T>C), located in coding exon 1 of the MLH1 gene, results from a T to C substitution at nucleotide position 107. The isoleucine at codon 36 is replaced by threonine, an amino acid with similar properties. This amino acid position is well conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 2

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Baylor Genetics

Oct 29, 2023

- -

Lynch syndrome

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Dec 13, 2023

This missense variant replaces isoleucine with threonine at codon 36 of the MLH1 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may have deleterious impact on protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold >= 0.7, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with MLH1-related disorders in the literature. This variant has been identified in 1/250752 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Dec 28, 2023

This sequence change replaces isoleucine, which is neutral and non-polar, with threonine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 36 of the MLH1 protein (p.Ile36Thr). This variant is present in population databases (rs267607707, gnomAD 0.003%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with MLH1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 577034). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) has been performed at Invitae for this missense variant, however the output from this modeling did not meet the statistical confidence thresholds required to predict the impact of this variant on MLH1 protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.23

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.43

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.47

Cadd

Pathogenic

Dann

Uncertain

0.99

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.93

Eigen

Uncertain

0.19

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.31

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.96

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.90

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.39

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.87

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.74

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.7

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.75

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.3

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.90

Sift

Uncertain

0.017

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.0060

Polyphen

0.031

Vest4

0.76

MutPred

0.78

Gain of ubiquitination at K33 (P = 0.0931);

MVP

0.99

MPC

0.10

ClinPred

0.96

GERP RS

4.8

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.0

Varity_R

0.81

gMVP

0.73

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over