3-36996679-T-G

Variant names:

• chr3-36996679-T-G
• rs1553638801
• ENST00000458205.6:c.-692T>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points: 4P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Moderate

The ENST00000458205.6(MLH1):​c.-692T>G variant causes a 5 prime UTR premature start codon gain change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: MLH1 ENST00000458205.6 5_prime_UTR_premature_start_codon_gain
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.02
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

MLH1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• Lynch syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, ClinGen, Orphanet
• Lynch syndrome 2

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp
• Muir-Torre syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, G2P, Orphanet
• mismatch repair cancer syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, ClinGen
• Lynch syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• malignant pancreatic neoplasm

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• rhabdomyosarcoma

  Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• prostate cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• breast cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.849

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MLH1	NM_000249.4	c.177T>G	p.Ile59Met	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 19	ENST00000231790.8	NP_000240.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MLH1	ENST00000231790.8	c.177T>G	p.Ile59Met	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 19	1	NM_000249.4	ENSP00000231790.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Uncertain:1

Jul 02, 2017

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces isoleucine with methionine at codon 59 of the MLH1 protein (p.Ile59Met). The isoleucine residue is moderately conserved and there is a small physicochemical difference between isoleucine and methionine. This variant is not present in population databases (ExAC no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals with MLH1-related disease. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Deleterious"; PolyPhen-2: "Possibly Damaging"; Align-GVGD: "Class C0"). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Feb 18, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.I59M variant (also known as c.177T>G), located in coding exon 2 of the MLH1 gene, results from a T to G substitution at nucleotide position 177. The isoleucine at codon 59 is replaced by methionine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This amino acid position is conserved. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.17
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.27	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.16
CADD	Uncertain	25
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.67	D
Eigen	Uncertain	0.43
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.45
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.81	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.97	D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.14	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.85	D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.59	D
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.1	M
PhyloP100		1.0
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.73	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-0.74	N
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.71
Sift	Benign	0.058	T
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.045	D
Polyphen		0.87	P
Vest4		0.77
MutPred		0.73		Gain of ubiquitination at K57 (P = 0.0931);
MVP		0.93
MPC		0.35
ClinPred		0.86	D
GERP RS		4.7
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.92
RBP_regulation_power_radar		2.6
Varity_R		0.34
gMVP		0.73
Mutation Taster		=49/51	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1553638801; hg19: chr3-37038170;