Genetic Variant MLH1:p.Gly422Gly (chr3-37025864-C-T) – ACMG Classification: Benign (-8 pts)

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -8 ACMG points: 0P and 8B. BP4_ModerateBP6BP7BS1

The NM_000249.4(MLH1):c.1266C>T(p.Gly422Gly) variant causes a synonymous change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000663 in 1,613,876 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 1 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 ( 0 hom., cov: 31)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000071 ( 1 hom. )

Consequence

MLH1
NM_000249.4 synonymous

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:2B:11

Conservation

PhyloP100: -0.793

Publications

10 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

MLH1 (HGNC:7127): (mutL homolog 1) The protein encoded by this gene can heterodimerize with mismatch repair endonuclease PMS2 to form MutL alpha, part of the DNA mismatch repair system. When MutL alpha is bound by MutS beta and some accessory proteins, the PMS2 subunit of MutL alpha introduces a single-strand break near DNA mismatches, providing an entry point for exonuclease degradation. The encoded protein is also involved in DNA damage signaling and can heterodimerize with DNA mismatch repair protein MLH3 to form MutL gamma, which is involved in meiosis. This gene was identified as a locus frequently mutated in hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer (HNPCC). [provided by RefSeq, Aug 2017]

MLH1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

Lynch syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, ClinGen, Orphanet
Lynch syndrome 2
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp
Muir-Torre syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, G2P, Orphanet
mismatch repair cancer syndrome 1
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Orphanet, ClinGen
Lynch syndrome 1
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
ovarian cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
malignant pancreatic neoplasm
Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
rhabdomyosarcoma
Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
prostate cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
breast cancer
Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
hereditary breast carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

MLH1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -8 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (REVEL=0.046).

BP6

Variant 3-37025864-C-T is Benign according to our data. Variant chr3-37025864-C-T is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 89690.

BP7

Synonymous conserved (PhyloP=-0.793 with no splicing effect.

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population sas. GnomAdExome4 allele frequency = 0.0000711 (104/1461884) while in subpopulation SAS AF = 0.00111 (96/86256). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.000932. There are 1 homozygotes in GnomAdExome4. There are 65 alleles in the male GnomAdExome4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 34. This position passed quality control check.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000249.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
MLH1	NM_000249.4	MANE Select	c.1266C>T	p.Gly422Gly	synonymous	Exon 12 of 19	NP_000240.1
MLH1	NM_001354628.2		c.1266C>T	p.Gly422Gly	synonymous	Exon 12 of 18	NP_001341557.1
MLH1	NM_001354629.2		c.1167C>T	p.Gly389Gly	synonymous	Exon 11 of 18	NP_001341558.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
MLH1	ENST00000231790.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.1266C>T	p.Gly422Gly	synonymous	Exon 12 of 19	ENSP00000231790.3
MLH1	ENST00000456676.7	TSL:1	c.1266C>T	p.Gly422Gly	synonymous	Exon 12 of 17	ENSP00000416687.3
MLH1	ENST00000413740.2	TSL:1	c.1266C>T	p.Gly422Gly	synonymous	Exon 12 of 15	ENSP00000416476.2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

151992

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.000622

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.000179

AC:

AN:

251326

AF XY:

0.000177

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000289

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000163

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000711

AC:

104

AN:

1461884

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000894

AC XY:

AN XY:

727244

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000299

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000224

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00111

AC:

AN:

86256

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.0000187

AC:

AN:

53420

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

8.99e-7

AC:

AN:

1112004

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.0000662

AC:

AN:

60396

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.470

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Exome Hom

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

151992

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000404

AC XY:

AN XY:

74234

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41362

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15248

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3466

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5192

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.000622

AC:

AN:

4824

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10572

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68014

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2086

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.592

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.00

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.00000756

Asia WGS

AF:

0.00173

AC:

AN:

3478

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2Benign:11

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Colorectal cancer, hereditary nonpolyposis, type 2

Uncertain:1Benign:2

Mar 15, 2023

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is considered benign. This variant is a silent/synonymous amino acid change and it is not expected to impact splicing.

Apr 20, 2017

Counsyl

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com.

Apr 27, 2017

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). Publications were found based on this search. However, the evidence from the literature, in combination with allele frequency data from public databases where available, was not sufficient to rule this variant in or out of causing disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as a variant of unknown significance.

not provided

Uncertain:1Benign:2

May 18, 2021

GeneDx

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 15996210, 18726168)

Nov 29, 2022

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Benign:3

Feb 21, 2017

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Mar 15, 2015

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity.

Feb 13, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

not specified

Benign:1

Nov 12, 2019

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Lynch syndrome

Benign:1

Jan 11, 2024

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

MLH1-related disorder

Benign:1

Jun 30, 2019

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is classified as likely benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications).

Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms

Benign:1

Dec 18, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.59

CADD

Benign

5.6

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.78

PhyloP100

-0.79

PromoterAI

-0.0022

Neutral

(source)

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.1

Mutation Taster

=100/0

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Variant Effect in Transcripts

RefSeq Transcripts

Ensembl Transcripts

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over