3-49097992-C-A

Variant names:

• chr3-49097992-C-A
• rs1324687960
• NM_005051.3:c.2277G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Strong

The NM_005051.3(QARS1):​c.2277G>T​(p.Lys759Asn) variant causes a missense, splice region change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000131 in 152,194 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: 𝑓 0.000013 (0 hom., cov: 31)
• Consequence: QARS1 NM_005051.3 missense, splice_region
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 6.86
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

QARS1 (HGNC:9751): (glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase 1) Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. In metazoans, 9 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases specific for glutamine (gln), glutamic acid (glu), and 7 other amino acids are associated within a multienzyme complex. Although present in eukaryotes, glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (QARS) is absent from many prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, in which Gln-tRNA(Gln) is formed by transamidation of the misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln). Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

QARS1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy - intractable seizures - progressive microcephaly syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P, ClinGen
• microcephaly-short stature-intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: Splicing predictors support a deleterious effect. Scorers claiming Pathogenic: dbscSNV1_ADA, dbscSNV1_RF, max_spliceai. No scorers claiming Uncertain. No scorers claiming Benign.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_005051.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	QARS1	NM_005051.3	MANE Select	c.2277G>T	p.Lys759Asn	missense splice_region	Exon 23 of 24	NP_005042.1	P47897-1
	QARS1	NM_001272073.2		c.2244G>T	p.Lys748Asn	missense splice_region	Exon 23 of 24	NP_001259002.1	P47897-2
	QARS1	NR_073590.2		n.2252G>T		splice_region non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 23 of 24

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	QARS1	ENST00000306125.12	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.2277G>T	p.Lys759Asn	missense splice_region	Exon 23 of 24	ENSP00000307567.6	P47897-1
	QARS1	ENST00000464962.6	TSL:1	c.1842G>T	p.Lys614Asn	missense splice_region	Exon 22 of 23	ENSP00000489011.1	B4DDN1
	QARS1	ENST00000965966.1		c.2400G>T	p.Lys800Asn	missense splice_region	Exon 23 of 24	ENSP00000636025.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.0000131 AC: 2 AN: 152194 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.0000483

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.0000131 AC: 2 AN: 152194 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.0000135 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 74348

African (AFR) AF: 0.0000483 AC: 2 AN: 41448

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 15282

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 3470

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5188

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4836

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 10624

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 316

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 68030

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 2088

Alfa AF: 0.00 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.0000189

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Uncertain significance

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
-	1	-	Diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy - intractable seizures - progressive microcephaly syndrome (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.24
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.20	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.52
CADD	Pathogenic	33
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.16	T
Eigen	Uncertain	0.33
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.46
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	1.0	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	D
M_CAP	Benign	0.013	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.34	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.1	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.3	M
PhyloP100		6.9
PrimateAI	Benign	0.34	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.6	D
REVEL	Benign	0.092
Sift	Benign	0.031	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.058	T
Polyphen		0.25	B
Vest4		0.34
MutPred		0.41		Loss of methylation at K759 (P = 0.0099)
MVP		0.42
MPC		0.44
ClinPred		0.91	D
GERP RS		5.7
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7
Varity_R		0.40
gMVP		0.48
Mutation Taster		=19/81	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	1.0
SpliceAI score (max)		0.82		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		0.82		Position offset: 0

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1324687960; hg19: chr3-49135425;