3-49104651-G-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -3 ACMG points: 0P and 3B. BP4_ModerateBS1_Supporting

The NM_005051.3(QARS1):c.83C>A(p.Ala28Asp) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000572 in 1,608,798 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 9/14 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. A28A) has been classified as Likely benign.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00031 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000031 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

QARS1
NM_005051.3 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 3.29

Publications

0 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

QARS1 (HGNC:9751): (glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase 1) Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. In metazoans, 9 aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases specific for glutamine (gln), glutamic acid (glu), and 7 other amino acids are associated within a multienzyme complex. Although present in eukaryotes, glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase (QARS) is absent from many prokaryotes, mitochondria, and chloroplasts, in which Gln-tRNA(Gln) is formed by transamidation of the misacylated Glu-tRNA(Gln). Glutaminyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2013]

QARS1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy - intractable seizures - progressive microcephaly syndrome
Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, ClinGen, Orphanet
microcephaly-short stature-intellectual disability-facial dysmorphism syndrome
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

QARS1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -3 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (REVEL=0.083).

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population amr. GnomAd4 allele frequency = 0.000308 (47/152384) while in subpopulation AMR AF = 0.00157 (24/15310). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.00108. There are 0 homozygotes in GnomAd4. There are 23 alleles in the male GnomAd4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 32. This position passed quality control check. Existence of Clinvar submissions makes me limit the strength of this signal to Supporting

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein
QARS1	NM_005051.3 link	c.83C>A	p.Ala28Asp	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 24	ENST00000306125.12	NP_005042.1
QARS1	NM_001272073.2 link	c.83C>A	p.Ala28Asp	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 24		NP_001259002.1
QARS1	XM_017006965.3 link	c.83C>A	p.Ala28Asp	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 23		XP_016862454.2
QARS1	NR_073590.2 link	n.107C>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 1 of 24

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
QARS1	ENST00000306125.12 link	c.83C>A	p.Ala28Asp	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 24	1	NM_005051.3	ENSP00000307567.6

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000309

AC:

AN:

152266

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000482

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00157

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00143

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000685

AC:

AN:

248334

AF XY:

0.0000593

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000446

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000232

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000897

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000165

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000309

AC:

AN:

1456414

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000235

AC XY:

AN XY:

723318

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000300

AC:

AN:

33378

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000515

AC:

AN:

44620

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26092

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39516

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86198

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

52656

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5756

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

9.02e-7

AC:

AN:

1108160

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000183

AC:

AN:

60038

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.501

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000308

AC:

AN:

152384

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000309

AC XY:

AN XY:

74516

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000481

AC:

AN:

41602

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00157

AC:

AN:

15310

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3470

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5178

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4832

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10632

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

68038

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00142

AC:

AN:

2116

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.475

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.000114

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000725

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.000227

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000741

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:2

Jan 25, 2021

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge

Breakthrough Genomics, Breakthrough Genomics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:not provided

Diffuse cerebral and cerebellar atrophy - intractable seizures - progressive microcephaly syndrome

Uncertain:2

Oct 25, 2022

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with aspartic acid, which is acidic and polar, at codon 28 of the QARS protein (p.Ala28Asp). This variant is present in population databases (rs148998142, gnomAD 0.05%). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with QARS-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 477845). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) has been performed at Invitae for this missense variant, however the output from this modeling did not meet the statistical confidence thresholds required to predict the impact of this variant on QARS protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

Oct 31, 2018

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Inborn genetic diseases

Uncertain:1

Aug 21, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The c.83C>A (p.A28D) alteration is located in exon 1 (coding exon 1) of the QARS gene. This alteration results from a C to A substitution at nucleotide position 83, causing the alanine (A) at amino acid position 28 to be replaced by an aspartic acid (D). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.37

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.33

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.36

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

0.99

Eigen

Benign

0.026

Eigen_PC

Benign

0.075

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.96

M_CAP

Benign

0.014

PhyloP100

3.3

ClinPred

0.12

GERP RS

3.4

PromoterAI

0.085

Neutral

(source)

Varity_R

0.61

Mutation Taster

=43/57

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.010

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over