4-41748377-G-A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -20 ACMG points: 0P and 20B. BP4_StrongBP6_Very_StrongBS1BS2

The NM_003924.4(PHOX2B):c.234C>T(p.Tyr78Tyr) variant causes a synonymous change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000608 in 1,614,146 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 5 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely benign (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.0034 ( 4 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00032 ( 1 hom. )

Consequence

PHOX2B
NM_003924.4 synonymous

Scores

Clinical Significance

Benign/Likely benign criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts B:13

Conservation

PhyloP100: 4.87

Publications

4 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

PHOX2B (HGNC:9143): (paired like homeobox 2B) The DNA-associated protein encoded by this gene is a member of the paired family of homeobox proteins localized to the nucleus. The protein functions as a transcription factor involved in the development of several major noradrenergic neuron populations and the determination of neurotransmitter phenotype. The gene product is linked to enhancement of second messenger-mediated activation of the dopamine beta-hydroylase, c-fos promoters and several enhancers, including cyclic amp-response element and serum-response element. Expansion of a 20 amino acid polyalanine tract in this protein by 5-13 aa has been associated with congenital central hypoventilation syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2016]

PHOX2B links:

PHOX2B-AS1 (HGNC:40457): (PHOX2B antisense RNA 1)

PHOX2B-AS1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -20 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.5).

BP6

Variant 4-41748377-G-A is Benign according to our data. Variant chr4-41748377-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_benign]. Clinvar id is 239587.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population afr. GnomAd4 allele frequency = 0.00339 (517/152328) while in subpopulation AFR AF = 0.0118 (490/41578). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.0109. There are 4 homozygotes in GnomAd4. There are 243 alleles in the male GnomAd4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 32. This position passed quality control check.

BS2

High AC in GnomAd4 at 517 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PHOX2B	NM_003924.4 link	c.234C>T	p.Tyr78Tyr	synonymous_variant	Exon 1 of 3	ENST00000226382.4	NP_003915.2	Q99453
PHOX2B-AS1	NR_187403.1 link	n.29G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon_variant	Exon 1 of 4

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PHOX2B	ENST00000226382.4 link	c.234C>T	p.Tyr78Tyr	synonymous_variant	Exon 1 of 3	1	NM_003924.4	ENSP00000226382.2		Q99453

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.00338

AC:

515

AN:

152210

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0118

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00131

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00316

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000294

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00191

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.000852

AC:

213

AN:

249900

AF XY:

0.000665

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.0115

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000578

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000445

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000326

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000318

AC:

465

AN:

1461818

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000270

AC XY:

196

AN XY:

727216

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0112

AC:

376

AN:

33474

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000872

AC:

AN:

44720

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.0000383

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0000252

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86256

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53418

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.000174

AC:

AN:

5742

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000989

AC:

AN:

1111978

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000596

AC:

AN:

60394

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.467

Heterozygous variant carriers

101

126

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.00339

AC:

517

AN:

152328

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00326

AC XY:

243

AN XY:

74480

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0118

AC:

490

AN:

41578

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00131

AC:

AN:

15314

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3466

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5170

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4826

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10622

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00340

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000294

AC:

AN:

68034

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00189

AC:

AN:

2112

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.504

Heterozygous variant carriers

124

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Alfa

AF:

0.00151

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.00395

Asia WGS

AF:

0.00115

AC:

AN:

3478

ClinVar

Significance: Benign/Likely benign

Submissions summary: Benign:13

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not specified

Benign:4

Nov 24, 2017

GeneDx

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign or benign based on one or more of the following criteria: it is a conservative change, it occurs at a poorly conserved position in the protein, it is predicted to be benign by multiple in silico algorithms, and/or has population frequency not consistent with disease. -

Jul 28, 2022

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance:Benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Feb 21, 2013

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Tyr78Tyr in exon 1 of PHOX2B: This variant is not expected to have clinical sign ificance because it does not alter an amino acid residue and is not located with in the splice consensus sequence. It has been identified in 1.1% (49/4406) of Af rican American chromosomes from a broad population by the NHLBI Exome Sequencing Project (http://evs.gs.washington.edu/EVS; dbSNP rs73810366). -

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

not provided

Benign:3

May 17, 2016

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: The PHOX2B c.234C>T (p.Tyr78Tyr) variant involves the alteration of a conserved nucleotide, resulting in a synonymous change. MutationTaster predicts a damaging outcome for this variant. 5/5 splice prediction tools predict the variant not to affect normal splicing. This variant was found in 114/120758 control chromosomes, predominantly observed in the African subpopulation at a frequency of 0.0101498 (103/10148). This frequency is about 12180 times the estimated maximal expected allele frequency of a pathogenic PHOX2B variant (0.0000008), highly suggesting this is a benign polymorphism found primarily in the populations of African origin. Taken together, this variant is classified as Benign. -

Breakthrough Genomics, Breakthrough Genomics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:not provided

- -

Jul 01, 2024

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

PHOX2B: BP4, BP7, BS1, BS2 -

Neuroblastoma, susceptibility to, 2

Benign:2

Jul 07, 2023

KCCC/NGS Laboratory, Kuwait Cancer Control Center

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jan 12, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Benign:2

Feb 24, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

- -

Feb 13, 2017

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Haddad syndrome

Benign:1

Feb 03, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Congenital central hypoventilation

Benign:1

Jan 12, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.50

CADD

Benign

(source)

DANN

Benign

0.93

PhyloP100

4.9

PromoterAI

-0.023

Neutral

(source)

Mutation Taster

=92/8

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.010

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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4-41748377-G-A

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over