5-140795338-A-C

Variant names:

• chr5-140795338-A-C
• rs1036932666
• NM_018905.3:c.374A>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Strong

The NM_018905.3(PCDHA2):​c.374A>C​(p.Asp125Ala) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000137 in 1,461,894 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 12/21 in silico tools predict a damaging outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. D125V) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PCDHA2 NM_018905.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 9.25
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

PCDHA2 (HGNC:8668): (protocadherin alpha 2) This gene is a member of the protocadherin alpha gene cluster, one of three related gene clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five that demonstrate an unusual genomic organization similar to that of B-cell and T-cell receptor gene clusters. The alpha gene cluster is composed of 15 cadherin superfamily genes related to the mouse CNR genes and consists of 13 highly similar and 2 more distantly related coding sequences. The tandem array of 15 N-terminal exons, or variable exons, are followed by downstream C-terminal exons, or constant exons, which are shared by all genes in the cluster. The large, uninterrupted N-terminal exons each encode six cadherin ectodomains while the C-terminal exons encode the cytoplasmic domain. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins are integral plasma membrane proteins that most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been observed and additional variants have been suggested but their full-length nature has yet to be determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PCDHA1 (HGNC:8663): (protocadherin alpha 1) This gene is a member of the protocadherin alpha gene cluster, one of three related gene clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five that demonstrate an unusual genomic organization similar to that of B-cell and T-cell receptor gene clusters. The alpha gene cluster is composed of 15 cadherin superfamily genes related to the mouse CNR genes and consists of 13 highly similar and 2 more distantly related coding sequences. The tandem array of 15 N-terminal exons, or variable exons, are followed by downstream C-terminal exons, or constant exons, which are shared by all genes in the cluster. The large, uninterrupted N-terminal exons each encode six cadherin ectodomains while the C-terminal exons encode the cytoplasmic domain. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins are integral plasma membrane proteins that most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been observed and additional variants have been suggested but their full-length nature has yet to be determined. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ENSG00000279726 (HGNC:):

PCDHA@ (HGNC:8662):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 6 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.962

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_018905.3. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PCDHA2	NM_018905.3	MANE Select	c.374A>C	p.Asp125Ala	missense	Exon 1 of 4	NP_061728.1	Q9Y5H9-1
	PCDHA1	NM_018900.4	MANE Select	c.2394+6654A>C		intron	N/A	NP_061723.1	Q9Y5I3-1
	PCDHA2	NM_031495.2		c.374A>C	p.Asp125Ala	missense	Exon 1 of 1	NP_113683.1	Q9Y5H9-2

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	PCDHA2	ENST00000526136.2	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.374A>C	p.Asp125Ala	missense	Exon 1 of 4	ENSP00000431748.1	Q9Y5H9-1
	PCDHA2	ENST00000520672.2	TSL:1	c.374A>C	p.Asp125Ala	missense	Exon 1 of 2	ENSP00000430584.2	Q9Y5H9-3
	PCDHA1	ENST00000504120.4	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.2394+6654A>C		intron	N/A	ENSP00000420840.3	Q9Y5I3-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2 AN: 1461894 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 34 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 727248

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86258

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53420

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000180 AC: 2 AN: 1112012

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60396

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.91
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.34	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.24
CADD	Pathogenic	28
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.50	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.97
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.80
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.31	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.96	D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.64	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.7	H
PhyloP100		9.2
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-7.5	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.75
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.92
MutPred		0.80		Loss of stability (P = 0.0456)
MVP		0.79
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		3.8
PromoterAI		0.012	Neutral
Varity_R		0.82
gMVP		0.67
Mutation Taster		=43/57	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1036932666; hg19: chr5-140174923;