5-141344322-G-A

Variant names:

• chr5-141344322-G-A
• NM_018916.4:c.289G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_018916.4(PCDHGA3):​c.289G>A​(p.Ala97Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
• Consequence: PCDHGA3 NM_018916.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.56

Genes affected

PCDHGA3 (HGNC:8701): (protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 3) This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression. The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PCDHGA2 (HGNC:8700): (protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 2) This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression. The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PCDHGA1 (HGNC:8696): (protocadherin gamma subfamily A, 1) This gene is a member of the protocadherin gamma gene cluster, one of three related clusters tandemly linked on chromosome five. These gene clusters have an immunoglobulin-like organization, suggesting that a novel mechanism may be involved in their regulation and expression. The gamma gene cluster includes 22 genes divided into 3 subfamilies. Subfamily A contains 12 genes, subfamily B contains 7 genes and 2 pseudogenes, and the more distantly related subfamily C contains 3 genes. The tandem array of 22 large, variable region exons are followed by a constant region, containing 3 exons shared by all genes in the cluster. Each variable region exon encodes the extracellular region, which includes 6 cadherin ectodomains and a transmembrane region. The constant region exons encode the common cytoplasmic region. These neural cadherin-like cell adhesion proteins most likely play a critical role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. Alternative splicing has been described for the gamma cluster genes. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

PCDHG@ (HGNC:8695):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.20166722).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PCDHGA3	NM_018916.4	c.289G>A	p.Ala97Thr	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 4	ENST00000253812.8	NP_061739.2
PCDHGA2	NM_018915.4	c.2424+2927G>A		intron_variant	Intron 1 of 3	ENST00000394576.3	NP_061738.1
PCDHGA1	NM_018912.3	c.2421+11217G>A		intron_variant	Intron 1 of 3	ENST00000517417.3	NP_061735.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PCDHGA3	ENST00000253812.8	c.289G>A	p.Ala97Thr	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 4	1	NM_018916.4	ENSP00000253812.7
PCDHGA2	ENST00000394576.3	c.2424+2927G>A		intron_variant	Intron 1 of 3	1	NM_018915.4	ENSP00000378077.2
PCDHGA1	ENST00000517417.3	c.2421+11217G>A		intron_variant	Intron 1 of 3	1	NM_018912.3	ENSP00000431083.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Jan 24, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.289G>A (p.A97T) alteration is located in exon 1 (coding exon 1) of the PCDHGA3 gene. This alteration results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 289, causing the alanine (A) at amino acid position 97 to be replaced by a threonine (T). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.097
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.17	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.49
CADD	Benign	22
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.025	.;T
Eigen	Benign	0.073
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.076
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.44	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.66	T;T
M_CAP	Benign	0.0085	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.20	T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.94	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.3	M;M
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.5	.;D
REVEL	Benign	0.15
Sift	Benign	0.044	.;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.055	T;D
Polyphen		0.67	P;B
Vest4		0.12
MutPred		0.47		Loss of sheet (P = 0.1158);Loss of sheet (P = 0.1158);
MVP		0.70
MPC		0.65
ClinPred		0.81	D
GERP RS		4.7
Varity_R		0.088
gMVP		0.089

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

No publications associated with this variant yet.

Other links and lift over

hg19: chr5-140723889; COSMIC: COSV53991933; COSMIC: COSV53991933;