5-168486544-G-T

Variant names:

• chr5-168486544-G-T
• rs672601373
• NM_002887.4:c.45+1G>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points: 11P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5

The NM_002887.4(RARS1):​c.45+1G>T variant causes a splice donor, intron change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000214 in 1,404,786 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (no stars).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000021 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: RARS1 NM_002887.4 splice_donor, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic no assertion criteria provided P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.70
• Publications: 2 publications found

Genes affected

RARS1 (HGNC:9870): (arginyl-tRNA synthetase 1) Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases catalyze the aminoacylation of tRNA by their cognate amino acid. Because of their central role in linking amino acids with nucleotide triplets contained in tRNAs, aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are thought to be among the first proteins that appeared in evolution. Arginyl-tRNA synthetase belongs to the class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

RARS1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 9

  Inheritance: AR, Unknown Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 11 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, LoF is a know mechanism of disease, No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal results in frameshift change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant 5-168486544-G-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr5-168486544-G-T is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 162081.Status of the report is no_assertion_criteria_provided, 0 stars.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_002887.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	RARS1	NM_002887.4	MANE Select	c.45+1G>T		splice_donor intron	N/A	NP_002878.2

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	RARS1	ENST00000231572.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.45+1G>T		splice_donor intron	N/A	ENSP00000231572.3	P54136-1
	RARS1	ENST00000922755.1		c.45+1G>T		splice_donor intron	N/A	ENSP00000592814.1
	RARS1	ENST00000953515.1		c.45+1G>T		splice_donor intron	N/A	ENSP00000623574.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000214 AC: 3 AN: 1404786 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 35 AF XY: 0.00000289 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 693192

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 32338

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 35840

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 25196

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 36818

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 79676

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 49432

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5698

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000277 AC: 3 AN: 1081524

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 58264

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Pathogenic

Revision: no assertion criteria provided

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
1	-	-	Hypomyelinating leukodystrophy 9 (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.63	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.030
CADD	Pathogenic	33
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.96
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.76
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.84	D
PhyloP100		5.7
GERP RS		4.8
PromoterAI		-0.14	Neutral
Mutation Taster		=3/97	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.96
SpliceAI score (max)		0.91		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		0.91		Position offset: -1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs672601373; hg19: chr5-167913549;