5-33982329-C-T

Position:

• chr5-33982329-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points: 16P and 0B. PM1 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_016180.5(SLC45A2):​c.469G>A​(p.Asp157Asn) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000171 in 1,461,882 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. D157E) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000017 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: SLC45A2 NM_016180.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3 O:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.71

Genes affected

SLC45A2 (HGNC:16472): (solute carrier family 45 member 2) This gene encodes a transporter protein that mediates melanin synthesis. The protein is expressed in a high percentage of melanoma cell lines. Mutations in this gene are a cause of oculocutaneous albinism type 4, and polymorphisms in this gene are associated with variations in skin and hair color. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2009]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 4 uncertain in NM_016180.5
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr5-33982327-G-C is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 1800731.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_pathogenic=1, Uncertain_significance=1}.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.971
• PP5: Variant 5-33982329-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr5-33982329-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 4503.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr5-33982329-C-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
SLC45A2	NM_016180.5	c.469G>A	p.Asp157Asn	missense_variant	2/7	ENST00000296589.9

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
SLC45A2	ENST00000296589.9	c.469G>A	p.Asp157Asn	missense_variant	2/7	1	NM_016180.5	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1 AN: 251482 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000736 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 135914

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.0000992

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000171 AC: 25 AN: 1461882 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.0000179 AC XY: 13 AN XY: 727240

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.0000383

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.000202

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000116

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000135

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3 Other:1

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:2

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Dec 10, 2023	This sequence change replaces aspartic acid, which is acidic and polar, with asparagine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 157 of the SLC45A2 protein (p.Asp157Asn). This variant is present in population databases (rs121912621, gnomAD 0.01%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with oculocutaneous albinism (PMID: 14961451). In at least one individual the data is consistent with being in trans (on the opposite chromosome) from a pathogenic variant. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 4503). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt SLC45A2 protein function with a negative predictive value of 80%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects SLC45A2 function (PMID: 19220778). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Revvity Omics, Revvity	Apr 19, 2021	- -

Oculocutaneous albinism type 4 Pathogenic:1 Other:1

not provided, no classification provided	literature only	GeneReviews	-	- -
Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Oct 01, 2005	- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.88
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.21	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.070
CADD	Pathogenic	31
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.82	D;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.62
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.62
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	D;D;D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.26	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.97	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.70	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.3	M;M;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	A;A;A;A;A
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.79	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-4.2	D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.78
Sift	Uncertain	0.0030	D;D;T
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.038	D;D;T
Polyphen		1.0	D;D;D
Vest4		0.97
MutPred		0.88		Loss of stability (P = 0.1448);Loss of stability (P = 0.1448);Loss of stability (P = 0.1448);
MVP		0.97
MPC		0.27
ClinPred		0.98	D
GERP RS		5.2
Varity_R		0.83
gMVP		0.90

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs121912621; hg19: chr5-33982434; COSMIC: COSV99672894; COSMIC: COSV99672894;