5-74721774-T-C

Variant names:

• chr5-74721774-T-C
• rs773006254
• NM_032380.5:c.2221A>G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 4 ACMG points: 4P and 0B. PM2 PP3_Moderate

The NM_032380.5(GFM2):​c.2221A>G​(p.Thr741Ala) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000617 in 1,459,224 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. No clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000062 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: GFM2 NM_032380.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Not reported in ClinVar
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.67

Genes affected

GFM2 (HGNC:29682): (GTP dependent ribosome recycling factor mitochondrial 2) Eukaryotes contain two protein translational systems, one in the cytoplasm and one in the mitochondria. Mitochondrial translation is crucial for maintaining mitochondrial function and mutations in this system lead to a breakdown in the respiratory chain-oxidative phosphorylation system and to impaired maintenance of mitochondrial DNA. This gene encodes one of the mitochondrial translation elongation factors, which is a GTPase that plays a role at the termination of mitochondrial translation by mediating the disassembly of ribosomes from messenger RNA . Its role in the regulation of normal mitochondrial function and in disease states attributed to mitochondrial dysfunction is not known. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

HEXB (HGNC:4879): (hexosaminidase subunit beta) Hexosaminidase B is the beta subunit of the lysosomal enzyme beta-hexosaminidase that, together with the cofactor GM2 activator protein, catalyzes the degradation of the ganglioside GM2, and other molecules containing terminal N-acetyl hexosamines. Beta-hexosaminidase is composed of two subunits, alpha and beta, which are encoded by separate genes. Both beta-hexosaminidase alpha and beta subunits are members of family 20 of glycosyl hydrolases. Mutations in the alpha or beta subunit genes lead to an accumulation of GM2 ganglioside in neurons and neurodegenerative disorders termed the GM2 gangliosidoses. Beta subunit gene mutations lead to Sandhoff disease (GM2-gangliosidosis type II). Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, May 2014]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 4 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.924

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
GFM2	NM_032380.5	c.2221A>G	p.Thr741Ala	missense_variant	Exon 21 of 21	ENST00000296805.8	NP_115756.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
GFM2	ENST00000296805.8	c.2221A>G	p.Thr741Ala	missense_variant	Exon 21 of 21	1	NM_032380.5	ENSP00000296805.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000805 AC: 2 AN: 248576 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.0000149 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 134242

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00000886

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.000165

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000617 AC: 9 AN: 1459224 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 30 AF XY: 0.00000551 AC XY: 4 AN XY: 725842

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000117

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000720

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Bravo AF: 0.0000113

ExAC AF: 0.0000165 AC: 2

EpiCase AF: 0.00

EpiControl AF: 0.000119

ClinVar

Not reported in ClinVar

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.13
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.30	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.21
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.030	T;.;T
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.79
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.75
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.94	.;D;D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.096	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.92	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.00090	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.1	M;.;M
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.53	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-3.2	D;D;D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.69
Sift	Benign	0.050	D;T;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0080	D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;D;D
Vest4		0.86
MutPred		0.76		Loss of phosphorylation at T741 (P = 0.1075);.;Loss of phosphorylation at T741 (P = 0.1075);
MVP		0.88
MPC		0.66
ClinPred		0.91	D
GERP RS		5.8
Varity_R		0.56
gMVP		0.70

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.030		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs773006254; hg19: chr5-74017599;