6-131583458-G-C

Variant names:

• chr6-131583458-G-C
• rs372489226
• NM_000045.4:c.769G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points: 8P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PP3_Strong

The NM_000045.4(ARG1):​c.769G>C​(p.Gly257Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. G257V) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: ARG1 NM_000045.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.82
• Publications: 4 publications found

Genes affected

ARG1 (HGNC:663): (arginase 1) Arginase catalyzes the hydrolysis of arginine to ornithine and urea. At least two isoforms of mammalian arginase exist (types I and II) which differ in their tissue distribution, subcellular localization, immunologic crossreactivity and physiologic function. The type I isoform encoded by this gene, is a cytosolic enzyme and expressed predominantly in the liver as a component of the urea cycle. Inherited deficiency of this enzyme results in argininemia, an autosomal recessive disorder characterized by hyperammonemia. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011]

MED23 (HGNC:2372): (mediator complex subunit 23) The activation of gene transcription is a multistep process that is triggered by factors that recognize transcriptional enhancer sites in DNA. These factors work with co-activators to direct transcriptional initiation by the RNA polymerase II apparatus. The protein encoded by this gene is a subunit of the CRSP (cofactor required for SP1 activation) complex, which, along with TFIID, is required for efficient activation by SP1. This protein is also a component of other multisubunit complexes e.g. thyroid hormone receptor-(TR-) associated proteins which interact with TR and facilitate TR function on DNA templates in conjunction with initiation factors and cofactors. This protein also acts as a metastasis suppressor. Several alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2012]

MED23 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• intellectual disability, autosomal recessive 18

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, MODERATE, LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• syndromic intellectual disability

  Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: ClinGen
• autosomal recessive non-syndromic intellectual disability

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_pathogenic. The variant received 8 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 2 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 6 uncertain in NM_000045.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.973

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_000045.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	ARG1	NM_000045.4	MANE Select	c.769G>C	p.Gly257Arg	missense	Exon 7 of 8	NP_000036.2
	ARG1	NM_001244438.2		c.793G>C	p.Gly265Arg	missense	Exon 7 of 8	NP_001231367.1	P05089-2
	ARG1	NM_001369020.1		c.514G>C	p.Gly172Arg	missense	Exon 5 of 6	NP_001355949.1	A0A5F9ZH78

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	ARG1	ENST00000368087.8	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.769G>C	p.Gly257Arg	missense	Exon 7 of 8	ENSP00000357066.3	P05089-1
	ARG1	ENST00000356962.2	TSL:1	c.793G>C	p.Gly265Arg	missense	Exon 7 of 8	ENSP00000349446.2	P05089-2
	MED23	ENST00000354577.8	TSL:1	c.4095+4251C>G		intron	N/A	ENSP00000346588.4	Q9ULK4-3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Uncertain significance

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
-	1	-	Arginase deficiency (1)

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.99
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.24	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.11
CADD	Pathogenic	32
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.94	D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.85
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.79
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.99	D
M_CAP	Uncertain	0.18	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.97	D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.68	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.4	M
PhyloP100		7.8
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.67	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.9	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.85
Sift	Uncertain	0.011	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.022	D
Polyphen		1.0	D
Vest4		0.90
MutPred		0.82		Gain of methylation at G257 (P = 0.1309)
MVP		0.98
MPC		0.41
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		5.1
Varity_R		0.99
gMVP		0.97
Mutation Taster		=5/95	disease causing

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.070		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs372489226; hg19: chr6-131904598;