6-1610837-C-T

Variant names:

• chr6-1610837-C-T
• rs104893957
• NM_001453.3:c.392C>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Strong PP5_Moderate

The NM_001453.3(FOXC1):​c.392C>T​(p.Ser131Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 12/20 in silico tools predict a damaging outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. S131W) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 31)
• Consequence: FOXC1 NM_001453.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 3.29

Genes affected

FOXC1 (HGNC:3800): (forkhead box C1) This gene belongs to the forkhead family of transcription factors which is characterized by a distinct DNA-binding forkhead domain. The specific function of this gene has not yet been determined; however, it has been shown to play a role in the regulation of embryonic and ocular development. Mutations in this gene cause various glaucoma phenotypes including primary congenital glaucoma, autosomal dominant iridogoniodysgenesis anomaly, and Axenfeld-Rieger anomaly. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 8 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 5 uncertain in NM_001453.3
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr6-1610837-C-G is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 916046.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.994
• PP5: Variant 6-1610837-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr6-1610837-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 8452.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
FOXC1	NM_001453.3	c.392C>T	p.Ser131Leu	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 1	ENST00000645831.2	NP_001444.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
FOXC1	ENST00000645831.2	c.392C>T	p.Ser131Leu	missense_variant	Exon 1 of 1		NM_001453.3	ENSP00000493906.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 31

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Anterior segment dysgenesis 3 Pathogenic:1

Jun 01, 1998

OMIM

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: literature only

- -

Axenfeld-Rieger syndrome type 3 Pathogenic:1

Jan 31, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects FOXC1 function (PMID: 24556684, 34741396). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (SIFT, PolyPhen-2, Align-GVGD) all suggest that this variant is likely to be disruptive. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 8452). This missense change has been observed in individuals with FOXC1-related conditions (PMID: 9620769, 34741396, 34745210). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 131 of the FOXC1 protein (p.Ser131Leu). -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	1.0
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.55	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.55
CADD	Pathogenic	33
DANN	Pathogenic	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.98	D;D
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.77
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.59
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.95	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	.;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.96	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.99	D;D
MetaSVM	Pathogenic	1.1	D
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.5	H;H
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.91	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-5.8	D;.
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.97
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;.
Sift4G	Pathogenic	0.0	D;.
Polyphen		1.0	D;D
Vest4		0.96
MutPred		0.96		Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.1278);Loss of MoRF binding (P = 0.1278);
MVP		1.0
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		3.7
Varity_R		0.95
gMVP		0.97

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs104893957; hg19: chr6-1611072; COSMIC: COSV66516570; COSMIC: COSV66516570;