6-43771019-AG-A

Variant names:

• chr6-43771019-AG-A
• NM_003376.6:c.318delG

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PVS1 PM2

The NM_003376.6(VEGFA):​c.318delG​(p.Pro107ArgfsTer43) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000725 in 1,379,192 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (no stars). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 7.3e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: VEGFA NM_003376.6 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance no assertion criteria provided U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.03
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

VEGFA (HGNC:12680): (vascular endothelial growth factor A) This gene is a member of the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family. It encodes a heparin-binding protein, which exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer. This growth factor induces proliferation and migration of vascular endothelial cells, and is essential for both physiological and pathological angiogenesis. Disruption of this gene in mice resulted in abnormal embryonic blood vessel formation. This gene is upregulated in many known tumors and its expression is correlated with tumor stage and progression. Elevated levels of this protein are found in patients with POEMS syndrome, also known as Crow-Fukase syndrome. Allelic variants of this gene have been associated with microvascular complications of diabetes 1 (MVCD1) and atherosclerosis. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been described. There is also evidence for alternative translation initiation from upstream non-AUG (CUG) codons resulting in additional isoforms. A recent study showed that a C-terminally extended isoform is produced by use of an alternative in-frame translation termination codon via a stop codon readthrough mechanism, and that this isoform is antiangiogenic. Expression of some isoforms derived from the AUG start codon is regulated by a small upstream open reading frame, which is located within an internal ribosome entry site. The levels of VEGF are increased during infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), thus promoting inflammation by facilitating recruitment of inflammatory cells, and by increasing the level of angiopoietin II (Ang II), one of two products of the SARS-CoV-2 binding target, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2). In turn, Ang II facilitates the elevation of VEGF, thus forming a vicious cycle in the release of inflammatory cytokines. [provided by RefSeq, Jun 2020]

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 10 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
VEGFA	NM_003376.6	c.318delG	p.Pro107ArgfsTer43	frameshift_variant	Exon 1 of 8	ENST00000672860.3	NP_003367.4

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
VEGFA	ENST00000672860.3	c.318delG	p.Pro107ArgfsTer43	frameshift_variant	Exon 1 of 8		NM_003376.6	ENSP00000500082.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 exome AF: 7.25e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1379192 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 36 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 679494

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD version 4 Exomes is significantly skewed from the expected value of 0.5.

African (AFR) AF: 0.0000342 AC: 1 AN: 29214

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 34370

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 24568

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33774

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 77274

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 47486

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4156

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 1071206

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 57144

⚠️ The allele balance in gnomAD4 Exomes is highly skewed from 0.5 (p-value = 0.000000), which strongly suggests a high chance of mosaicism in these individuals.

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: no assertion criteria provided

Submissions by phenotype

Prostate cancer, hereditary, 1 Uncertain:1

Jun 04, 2024

Laboratory of Virology, Oncology, Biosciences and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Mohammedia- University Hassan II of Casablanca

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

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Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
PhyloP100		1.0

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.060		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

hg19: chr6-43738756;