7-5986802-C-T
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Variant summary
Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2
The NM_000535.7(PMS2):c.1963G>A(p.Gly655Arg) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000186 in 1,610,420 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).
Frequency
Genomes: 𝑓 0.0000066 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)
Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000014 ( 0 hom. )
Consequence
PMS2
NM_000535.7 missense
NM_000535.7 missense
Scores
3
12
4
Clinical Significance
Conservation
PhyloP100: 7.00
Genes affected
PMS2 (HGNC:9122): (PMS1 homolog 2, mismatch repair system component) The protein encoded by this gene is a key component of the mismatch repair system that functions to correct DNA mismatches and small insertions and deletions that can occur during DNA replication and homologous recombination. This protein forms heterodimers with the gene product of the mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) gene to form the MutL-alpha heterodimer. The MutL-alpha heterodimer possesses an endonucleolytic activity that is activated following recognition of mismatches and insertion/deletion loops by the MutS-alpha and MutS-beta heterodimers, and is necessary for removal of the mismatched DNA. There is a DQHA(X)2E(X)4E motif found at the C-terminus of the protein encoded by this gene that forms part of the active site of the nuclease. Mutations in this gene have been associated with hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC; also known as Lynch syndrome) and Turcot syndrome. [provided by RefSeq, Apr 2016]
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ACMG classification
Classification made for transcript
Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 2 ACMG points.
PM2
Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;
Transcripts
RefSeq
Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | #exon/exons | MANE | Protein | UniProt |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMS2 | NM_000535.7 | c.1963G>A | p.Gly655Arg | missense_variant | 11/15 | ENST00000265849.12 | NP_000526.2 |
Ensembl
Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | #exon/exons | TSL | MANE | Protein | Appris | UniProt |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
PMS2 | ENST00000265849.12 | c.1963G>A | p.Gly655Arg | missense_variant | 11/15 | 1 | NM_000535.7 | ENSP00000265849 | P3 |
Frequencies
GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1AN: 152104Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32
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GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000137 AC: 2AN: 1458316Hom.: 0 Cov.: 31 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0AN XY: 725204
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GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.00000657 AC: 1AN: 152104Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0AN XY: 74290
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ClinVar
Significance: Uncertain significance
Submissions summary: Uncertain:7
Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts
LINK: link
Submissions by phenotype
not provided Uncertain:2
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | GeneDx | Dec 21, 2018 | This variant is denoted PMS2 c.1963G>A at the cDNA level, p.Gly655Arg (G655R) at the protein level, and results in the change of a Glycine to an Arginine (GGA>AGA). This variant has not, to our knowledge, been published in the literature as a pathogenic or benign germline variant. PMS2 Gly655Arg was not observed in large population cohorts (Lek 2016). This variant is located in the MLH1 interaction domain (Kondo 2001). In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports a deleterious effect. Based on currently available evidence, it is unclear whether PMS2 Gly655Arg is a pathogenic or benign variant. We consider it to be a variant of uncertain significance. - |
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano | May 22, 2023 | This variant has not been reported in the published literature. The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.0000066 (1/152104 chromosomes (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is uninformative in the assessment of its pathogenicity. Analysis of this variant using bioinformatics tools for the prediction of the effect of amino acid changes on protein structure and function yielded predictions that this variant is benign. Based on the available information, we are unable to determine the clinical significance of this variant. - |
Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:2
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health | Feb 28, 2023 | This missense variant replaces glycine with arginine at codon 655 of the PMS2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with PMS2-related disorders in the literature. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. - |
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Ambry Genetics | May 24, 2022 | The p.G655R variant (also known as c.1963G>A), located in coding exon 11 of the PMS2 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 1963. The glycine at codon 655 is replaced by arginine, an amino acid with dissimilar properties. This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. - |
Lynch syndrome Uncertain:1
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health | Mar 23, 2023 | This missense variant replaces glycine with arginine at codon 655 of the PMS2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may not impact protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold <= 0.5, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has not been reported in individuals affected with PMS2-related disorders in the literature. This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. - |
Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal neoplasms Uncertain:1
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp | Jan 22, 2024 | This sequence change replaces glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, with arginine, which is basic and polar, at codon 655 of the PMS2 protein (p.Gly655Arg). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with PMS2-related conditions. This missense change has been observed to be homozygous or hemizygous in an individual who did not have the expected clinical features for that genetic result (Invitae). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 418419). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt PMS2 protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. - |
Malignant tumor of breast Uncertain:1
Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided | clinical testing | Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System | - | The PMS2 p.Gly655Arg variant was not identified in the literature nor was it identified in the dbSNP, Cosmic, MutDB, Insight Colon Cancer Gene Variant Database, Zhejiang Colon Cancer Database, Mismatch Repair Genes Variant Database, Insight Hereditary Tumors Database, databases. The variant was identified in ClinVar (1x, as uncertain significance by GeneDx), Clinvitae (1x, as uncertain significance by ClinVar), databases. The variant was not identified in the 1000 Genomes Project, the NHLBI GO Exome Sequencing Project or the Exome Aggregation Consortium (August 8th 2016) control databases. A co-occurring pathogenic BRCA2 variant (c.4042delT, p.Cys1348ValfsX26) is identified in 1 individual with breast cancer in our laboratory, increasing the likelihood that p.Gly655Arg variant does not have clinical significance The p.Gly655Arg residue is conserved in mammals but not in more distantly related organisms, and four out of five computational analyses (PolyPhen-2, SIFT, AlignGVGD, BLOSUM, MutationTaster) suggest that the Gly variant may impact the protein; however, this information is not predictive enough to assume pathogenicity. The variant occurs outside of the splicing consensus sequence and 1 of 5 in silico or computational prediction software programs (SpliceSiteFinder, MaxEntScan, NNSPLICE, GeneSplicer, HumanSpliceFinder) predict a greater than 10% difference in splicing; this is not very predictive of pathogenicity. In summary, based on the above information the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined with certainty at this time. This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance. - |
Computational scores
Source:
Name
Calibrated prediction
Score
Prediction
AlphaMissense
Uncertain
BayesDel_addAF
Pathogenic
D
BayesDel_noAF
Uncertain
CADD
Uncertain
DANN
Pathogenic
DEOGEN2
Benign
T;.;.;.;.
Eigen
Uncertain
Eigen_PC
Uncertain
FATHMM_MKL
Pathogenic
D
LIST_S2
Uncertain
D;D;.;D;.
M_CAP
Uncertain
D
MetaRNN
Uncertain
D;D;D;D;D
MetaSVM
Benign
T
MutationAssessor
Uncertain
M;.;.;.;.
MutationTaster
Benign
D;D;D;D;D
PrimateAI
Uncertain
T
PROVEAN
Uncertain
D;D;.;.;.
REVEL
Uncertain
Sift
Uncertain
D;D;.;.;.
Sift4G
Benign
T;D;.;.;.
Polyphen
P;D;.;.;D
Vest4
MutPred
Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0263);.;.;.;.;
MVP
MPC
ClinPred
D
GERP RS
RBP_binding_hub_radar
RBP_regulation_power_radar
Varity_R
gMVP
Splicing
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SpliceAI score (max)
Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at