7-94664319-C-T

Position:

• chr7-94664319-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -4 ACMG points: 2P and 6B. PM2 BP4_Moderate BS2

The NM_001172437.2(PEG10):​c.991C>T​(p.Arg331Trp) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000342 in 1,460,072 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 11/19 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000034 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: PEG10 NM_001172437.2 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.0270

Genes affected

PEG10 (HGNC:14005): (paternally expressed 10) This is a paternally expressed imprinted gene that is thought to have been derived from the Ty3/Gypsy family of retrotransposons. It contains two overlapping open reading frames, RF1 and RF2, and expresses two proteins: a shorter, gag-like protein (with a CCHC-type zinc finger domain) from RF1; and a longer, gag/pol-like fusion protein (with an additional aspartic protease motif) from RF1/RF2 by -1 translational frameshifting (-1 FS). While -1 FS has been observed in RNA viruses and transposons in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, this gene represents the first example of -1 FS in a eukaryotic cellular gene. This gene is highly conserved across mammalian species and retains the heptanucleotide (GGGAAAC) and pseudoknot elements required for -1 FS. It is expressed in adult and embryonic tissues (most notably in placenta) and reported to have a role in cell proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis. Overexpression of this gene has been associated with several malignancies, such as hepatocellular carcinoma and B-cell lymphocytic leukemia. Knockout mice lacking this gene showed early embryonic lethality with placental defects, indicating the importance of this gene in embryonic development. Additional isoforms resulting from alternatively spliced transcript variants, and use of upstream non-AUG (CUG) start codon have been reported for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Oct 2014]

PEG10 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -4 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.1690773).
• BS2: High AC in GnomAdExome4 at 5 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PEG10	NM_001172437.2	c.991C>T	p.Arg331Trp	missense_variant	2/2		NP_001165908.1
PEG10	NM_001184961.1	c.865C>T	p.Arg289Trp	missense_variant	2/2		NP_001171890.1
PEG10	NM_015068.3	c.763C>T	p.Arg255Trp	missense_variant	2/2		NP_055883.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PEG10	ENST00000612748.1	c.991C>T	p.Arg331Trp	missense_variant	2/3	5		ENSP00000480676.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000819 AC: 2 AN: 244214 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0 AN XY: 133134

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000293

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.0000329

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000342 AC: 5 AN: 1460072 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 35 AF XY: 0.00000413 AC XY: 3 AN XY: 726236

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000348

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 9.00e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

Alfa AF: 0.0000508 Hom.: 0

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Ambry Genetics

Dec 12, 2023

The c.991C>T (p.R331W) alteration is located in exon 2 (coding exon 2) of the PEG10 gene. This alteration results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 991, causing the arginine (R) at amino acid position 331 to be replaced by a tryptophan (W). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.23	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.46
CADD	Benign	17
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.042	.;T;.;T;T;T
Eigen	Benign	-0.23
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.40
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.17	N
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.90	D;D;D;D;D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.021	T
MetaRNN	Benign	0.17	T;T;T;T;T;T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.1	T
MutationAssessor	Uncertain	2.2	M;.;.;.;.;.
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.73	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.9	N;.;.;.;.;.
REVEL	Benign	0.053
Sift	Uncertain	0.0070	D;.;.;.;.;.
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0050	D;D;D;D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	.;D;.;.;.;.
Vest4		0.27
MutPred		0.46		Loss of disorder (P = 6e-04);.;.;Loss of disorder (P = 6e-04);.;.;
MVP		0.23
MPC		1.8
ClinPred		0.57	D
GERP RS		0.84
gMVP		0.50

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1046078313; hg19: chr7-94293631; COSMIC: COSV71788360; COSMIC: COSV71788360;