Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points: 3P and 0B. PM2PP3
The ENST00000403810.6(TSC1):c.*265C>G variant causes a 3 prime UTR change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).
TSC1 (HGNC:12362): (TSC complex subunit 1) This gene is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes the growth inhibitory protein hamartin. The encoded protein interacts with and stabilizes the GTPase activating protein tuberin. This hamartin-tuberin complex negatively regulates mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling which is a major regulator of anabolic cell growth. This protein also functions as a co-chaperone for Hsp90 that inhibits its ATPase activity. This protein functions as a facilitator of Hsp90-mediated folding of kinase and non-kinase clients, including TSC2 and thereby preventing their ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Mutations in this gene have been associated with tuberous sclerosis and lymphangioleiomyomatosis. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022]
TSC1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):
tuberous sclerosis
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
tuberous sclerosis 1
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, PanelApp Australia, Genomics England PanelApp, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
lung lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
tuberous sclerosis complex
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
In summary, this variant is a rare intronic change that partially disrupts RNA splicing. While it is absent from the population and reported in affected individuals, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine its role in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. An experimental study has shown that this sequence change results in the insertion of 102 nucleotides into 60-80% of the mRNA transcripts derived from that allele, or 30-40% of all TSC1 mRNA (PMID: 20185476). This variant has been reported to segregate with very mild features of tuberous sclerosis complex in a single family (PMID: 20185476). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 48731). This variant is not present in population databases (rs118203488, ExAC no frequency). This sequence change falls in intron 10 of the TSC1 gene. It does not directly change the encoded amino acid sequence of the TSC1 protein. -