Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 4 ACMG points: 4P and 0B. PM2PP3_Moderate
The NM_000368.5(TSC1):c.109C>G(p.Arg37Gly) variant causes a missense, splice region change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000684 in 1,461,160 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 1/1 splice prediction tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R37H) has been classified as Likely benign.
TSC1 (HGNC:12362): (TSC complex subunit 1) This gene is a tumor suppressor gene that encodes the growth inhibitory protein hamartin. The encoded protein interacts with and stabilizes the GTPase activating protein tuberin. This hamartin-tuberin complex negatively regulates mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling which is a major regulator of anabolic cell growth. This protein also functions as a co-chaperone for Hsp90 that inhibits its ATPase activity. This protein functions as a facilitator of Hsp90-mediated folding of kinase and non-kinase clients, including TSC2 and thereby preventing their ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Mutations in this gene have been associated with tuberous sclerosis and lymphangioleiomyomatosis. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022]
Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter
Collection Method: clinical testing
This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with glycine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 37 of the TSC1 protein (p.Arg37Gly). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with developmental delay (PMID: 33057194). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) has been performed for this missense variant. However, the output from this modeling did not meet the statistical confidence thresholds required to predict the impact of this variant on TSC1 protein function. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -