X-11298278-G-A

Variant names:

• chrX-11298278-G-A
• NM_013427.3:c.589-43571C>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points: 6P and 0B. PVS1_Moderate PM2 PP5_Moderate

The NM_001142.2(AMELX):​c.144+1G>A variant causes a splice donor, intron change. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 23)
• Consequence: AMELX NM_001142.2 splice_donor, intron
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 1.000
• Clinical Significance: Likely pathogenic criteria provided, single submitter P:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.20

Genes affected

ARHGAP6 (HGNC:676): (Rho GTPase activating protein 6) This gene encodes a member of the rhoGAP family of proteins which play a role in the regulation of actin polymerization at the plasma membrane during several cellular processes. This protein is thought to have two independent functions, one as a GTPase-activating protein with specificity for RhoA, and another as a cytoskeletal protein that promotes actin remodeling. Multiple alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

AMELX (HGNC:461): (amelogenin X-linked) This gene encodes a member of the amelogenin family of extracellular matrix proteins. Amelogenins are involved in biomineralization during tooth enamel development. Mutations in this gene cause X-linked amelogenesis imperfecta. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 6 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, product NOT destroyed by NMD, known LOF gene, truncates exone, which is 0.072916664 fraction of the gene. Cryptic splice site detected, with MaxEntScore 4.7, offset of -42, new splice context is: aagGTgctt. Cryptic site results in inframe change. If cryptic site found is not functional and variant results in exon loss, it results in inframe change.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant X-11298278-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chrX-11298278-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 3376363.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
ARHGAP6	NM_013427.3	c.589-43571C>T		intron_variant	Intron 1 of 12	ENST00000337414.9	NP_038286.2
AMELX	NM_001142.2	c.144+1G>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 4 of 5	ENST00000380714.7	NP_001133.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
ARHGAP6	ENST00000337414.9	c.589-43571C>T		intron_variant	Intron 1 of 12	1	NM_013427.3	ENSP00000338967.4
AMELX	ENST00000380714.7	c.144+1G>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 4 of 5	1	NM_001142.2	ENSP00000370090.3

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 23

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 23

ClinVar

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Amelogenesis imperfecta type 1E Pathogenic:1

Jun 26, 2024

Pittsburgh Clinical Genomics Laboratory, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence variant is a single nucleotide substitution (G>A) 1 base downstream of the donor splice site of exon 5 of 7 in the AMELX gene. This variant is absent from ClinVar and has not been observed in individuals affected by an AMELX-related disorder in the published literature, to our knowledge. This variant is absent from the gnomAD v4.1.0 population database (0/~1200000) alleles). Multiple computational tools predict that this variant will cause aberrant splicing by disrupting the exon 5 splice donor site. The nucleotide at this position is highly conserved across the vertebrate species examined. Studies examining the functional consequence of this variant have not been published, to our knowledge. Based upon the evidence, we consider this variant to be likely pathogenic. ACMG Criteria: PM2, PVS1 -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.61	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.11
CADD	Uncertain	26
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.97	D
GERP RS		5.6
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.7

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	1.0
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.93
SpliceAI score (max)		0.96		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2
DS_DL_spliceai		0.96		Position offset: -1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

No publications associated with this variant yet.

Other links and lift over

hg19: chrX-11316398;