X-12920755-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 11 ACMG points: 11P and 0B. PS1_Moderate PM1 PM2 PM5 PP3_Moderate PP5

The NM_138636.5(TLR8):c.1715G>A(p.Gly572Asp) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (no stars). Another nucleotide change resulting in same amino acid change has been previously reported as Likely pathogenicin UniProt. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. G572V) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 23)
• Consequence: TLR8 NM_138636.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic no assertion criteria provided P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.98

Genes affected

TLR8 (HGNC:15632): (toll like receptor 8) The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the Toll-like receptor (TLR) family which plays a fundamental role in pathogen recognition and activation of innate immunity. TLRs are highly conserved from Drosophila to humans and share structural and functional similarities. They recognize pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) that are expressed on infectious agents, and mediate the production of cytokines necessary for the development of effective immunity. The various TLRs exhibit different patterns of expression. This gene is predominantly expressed in lung and peripheral blood leukocytes, and lies in close proximity to another family member, TLR7, on chromosome X. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

TLR8-AS1 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 11 ACMG points.

• PS1: Transcript NM_138636.5 (TLR8) is affected with MISSENSE_VARIANT having same AA change as one Pathogenic present in UniProt
• PM1: In a repeat LRR 16 (size 22) in uniprot entity TLR8_HUMAN there are 4 pathogenic changes around while only 0 benign (100%) in NM_138636.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chrX-12920755-G-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 1339649.Status of the report is criteria_provided_single_submitter, 1 stars.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.875
• PP5: Variant X-12920755-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chrX-12920755-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 1172678.Status of the report is no_assertion_criteria_provided, 0 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
TLR8	NM_138636.5	c.1715G>A	p.Gly572Asp	missense_variant	2/2	ENST00000218032.7
TLR8-AS1	NR_030727.1	n.241-12422C>T		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant
TLR8	NM_016610.4	c.1769G>A	p.Gly590Asp	missense_variant	3/3

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
TLR8	ENST00000218032.7	c.1715G>A	p.Gly572Asp	missense_variant	2/2	1	NM_138636.5	P2
TLR8	ENST00000311912.5	c.1769G>A	p.Gly590Asp	missense_variant	3/3	1		A2

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 23

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 33

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 23

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: no assertion criteria provided

Submissions by phenotype

Immunodeficiency 98 with autoinflammation, X-linked Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

OMIM

May 04, 2022

- -

INFLTR8 Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

case-control

Megan Cooper Lab, Washington University School of Medicine in St Louis

-

We identified 6 unrelated males with neutropenia, infections, lymphoproliferation, humoral immune defects, and in some cases bone marrow failure associated with 3 different variants in the X-linked gene TLR8, encoding the endosomal Toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8). Interestingly, 5 patients had somatic variants in TLR8 with <30% mosaicism, suggesting a dominant mechanism responsible for the clinical phenotype. Mosaicism was also detected in skin-derived fibroblasts in 3 patients, demonstrating that mutations were not limited to the hematopoietic compartment. All patients had refractory chronic neutropenia, and 3 patients underwent allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. All variants conferred gain of function to TLR8 protein, and immune phenotyping demonstrated a proinflammatory phenotype with activated T cells and elevated serum cytokines associated with impaired B-cell maturation. Differentiation of myeloid cells from patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells demonstrated increased responsiveness to TLR8. Together, these findings demonstrate that gain-of-function variants in TLR8 lead to a novel childhood-onset IEI with lymphoproliferation, neutropenia, infectious susceptibility, B- and T-cell defects, and in some cases, bone marrow failure. Somatic mosaicism is a prominent molecular mechanism of this new disease. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.90
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.32	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.22
Cadd	Uncertain	24
Dann	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.55	D;.
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.96	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.89	D;D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.68	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.88	D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.53	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.6	H;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.62	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.8	D;D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.48
Sift	Pathogenic	0.0	D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0060	D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;.
Vest4		0.73
MutPred		0.61		Loss of helix (P = 0.1299);.;
MVP		0.76
MPC		2.1
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		6.0
Varity_R		0.98
gMVP		0.93

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1385657144; hg19: chrX-12938874;