X-31444621-G-A

Position:

• chrX-31444621-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points: 18P and 0B. PVS1 PM2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_004006.3(DMD):​c.8944C>T​(p.Arg2982Ter) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Variant results in nonsense mediated mRNA decay.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 23)
• Consequence: DMD NM_004006.3 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:7
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 2.38

Genes affected

DMD (HGNC:2928): (dystrophin) This gene spans a genomic range of greater than 2 Mb and encodes a large protein containing an N-terminal actin-binding domain and multiple spectrin repeats. The encoded protein forms a component of the dystrophin-glycoprotein complex (DGC), which bridges the inner cytoskeleton and the extracellular matrix. Deletions, duplications, and point mutations at this gene locus may cause Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), Becker muscular dystrophy (BMD), or cardiomyopathy. Alternative promoter usage and alternative splicing result in numerous distinct transcript variants and protein isoforms for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Dec 2016]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 18 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Loss of function variant, product undergoes nonsense mediated mRNA decay. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP5: Variant X-31444621-G-A is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chrX-31444621-G-A is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 11211.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chrX-31444621-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic]. Variant chrX-31444621-G-A is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
DMD	NM_004006.3	c.8944C>T	p.Arg2982Ter	stop_gained	60/79	ENST00000357033.9	NP_003997.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
DMD	ENST00000357033.9	c.8944C>T	p.Arg2982Ter	stop_gained	60/79	1	NM_004006.3	ENSP00000354923	P4

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 23

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 31

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 23

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:7

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)	Oct 20, 2017	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Revvity Omics, Revvity	Jan 23, 2023	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Athena Diagnostics	Sep 29, 2022	This variant is expected to result in the loss of a functional protein. This variant has been identified in multiple unrelated males with Duchenne muscular dystrophy and at least one individual with dilated cardiomyopathy. This variant has not been reported in large, multi-ethnic general populations (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org). -

Duchenne muscular dystrophy Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Mar 15, 1992	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Laboratory of Medical Genetics, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens	Dec 16, 2022	PVS1, PM2, PP5 -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Jul 19, 2022	ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 11211). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. This premature translational stop signal has been observed in individuals with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (PMID: 1549596, 21396098, 21515508, 23536893, 26968818, 28859693). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change creates a premature translational stop signal (p.Arg2982*) in the DMD gene. It is expected to result in an absent or disrupted protein product. Loss-of-function variants in DMD are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 16770791, 25007885). -

Duchenne muscular dystrophy;C0878544:Cardiomyopathy;C0917713:Becker muscular dystrophy;na:Dystrophin deficiency Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

Natera, Inc.

Jan 31, 2018

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.58	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.60
CADD	Pathogenic	40
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.84	D
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	A;A;A;A;A;A;A
Vest4		0.96, 0.97, 0.97, 0.95, 0.97, 0.94, 0.97
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		3.8

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs128625229; hg19: chrX-31462738; COSMIC: COSV100625881;