rs140540222

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points: 5P and 0B. PM2PP3_ModeratePP5

The NM_012208.4(HARS2):c.448C>T(p.Arg150Cys) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000799 in 1,613,966 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000079 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.000080 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

HARS2
NM_012208.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications P:2U:2

Conservation

PhyloP100: 3.79

Variant links:

Genes affected

HARS2 (HGNC:4817): (histidyl-tRNA synthetase 2, mitochondrial) Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are a class of enzymes that charge tRNAs with their cognate amino acids. The protein encoded by this gene is an enzyme belonging to the class II family of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Functioning in the synthesis of histidyl-transfer RNA, the enzyme plays an accessory role in the regulation of protein biosynthesis. The gene is located in a head-to-head orientation with HARS on chromosome five, where the homologous genes likely share a bidirectional promoter. Mutations in this gene are associated with the pathogenesis of Perrault syndrome, which involves ovarian dysgenesis and sensorineural hearing loss. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants of this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2013]

HARS2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 5 ACMG points.

PM2

Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage;

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.848

PP5

Variant 5-140695556-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr5-140695556-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 214543.We mark this variant Likely_pathogenic, oryginal submissions are: {Pathogenic=1, Uncertain_significance=2}. Variant chr5-140695556-C-T is described in Lovd as [Likely_pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
HARS2	NM_012208.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.448C>T	p.Arg150Cys	missense_variant	5/13	ENST00000230771.9

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
HARS2	ENST00000230771.9 linkuse as main transcript	c.448C>T	p.Arg150Cys	missense_variant	5/13	1	NM_012208.4	A1	P49590-1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000789

AC:

AN:

152106

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000483

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000147

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.0000557

AC:

AN:

251496

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.0000441

AC XY:

AN XY:

135922

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000185

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000578

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.0000791

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.0000800

AC:

117

AN:

1461860

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000770

AC XY:

AN XY:

727230

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.0000299

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.0000224

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.000103

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000789

AC:

AN:

152106

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000942

AC XY:

AN XY:

74298

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000483

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.000147

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.0000658

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000869

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.000454

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.0000494

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.00

EpiControl

AF:

0.000119

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Pathogenic:1Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Apr 20, 2022	Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 34406847, 31827252, 31449985) -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Jan 20, 2024	This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with cysteine, which is neutral and slightly polar, at codon 150 of the HARS2 protein (p.Arg150Cys). This variant is present in population databases (rs140540222, gnomAD 0.008%). This missense change has been observed in individuals with clinical features of Perrault syndrome (PMID: 31449985). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 214543). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt HARS2 protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Perrault syndrome 2

Pathogenic:1

Likely pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

Department of Clinical Genetics, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet

May 20, 2019

Variant detected as compound heterozygous, together with c.172A>G in three siblings (two girls) with progressive sensorineural hearing impairment. Signs of premature ovarian failure were uncertain due to their young age. Variant detected as compound heterozygous, together with c.980G>A in a girl with progressive sensorineural hearing impairment. Signs of premature ovarian failure were uncertain due to her young age. -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

May 01, 2016

Variant classified as Uncertain Significance - Favor Pathogenic. The p.Arg150Cys variant in HARS2 has been reported by our laboratory in one individual with hea ring loss who was compound heterozygous for a second variant of uncertain signif icance in the HARS2 gene (this family). This variant has been identified in 6/1 21406 total chromosomes across all populations by the Exome Aggregation Consorti um (ExAC, http://exac.broadinstitute.org; dbSNP rs140540222). Although this vari ant has been seen in the general population, its frequency is not high enough to rule out a pathogenic role. Computational prediction tools suggest that the p.A rg150Cys variant may impact the protein, though this information is not predicti ve enough to determine pathogenicity. In summary, while there is some suspicion for a pathogenic role, the clinical significance of the p.Arg150Cys variant is uncertain. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.19

BayesDel_addAF

Uncertain

0.056

BayesDel_noAF

Uncertain

0.080

Cadd

Pathogenic

Dann

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Pathogenic

0.82

D;.;D;.;.;.;.;D;D;.

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.90

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.80

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.98

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.23

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.85

D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D;D

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.66

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

4.2

H;.;.;.;.;.;.;H;H;.

MutationTaster

Benign

1.0

D;D;D;D;D;D

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.64

PROVEAN

Pathogenic

-7.6

D;.;D;.;.;.;.;.;.;D

REVEL

Uncertain

0.62

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;.;D;.;.;.;.;.;.;D

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;.;.;.;.;.;.;.;.;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;.;.;.;.;.;.;D;D;.

Vest4

0.57

MVP

0.93

MPC

0.67

ClinPred

1.0

GERP RS

5.3

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.7

Varity_R

0.94

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over