rs28897686

Variant names:

• chr17-43091783-C-A
• rs28897686
• NM_007294.4:c.3748G>T
• BRCA1 p.Glu1250*

Your query was ambiguous. Multiple possible variants found:

• chr17-43091783-C-A
• chr17-43091783-C-T
• chr17-43091783-C-G

GermlineCancer (beta)

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic.

+11 Pathogenic

-7

-6

-1

0

+5

+6

+9

+10

BenignB

Likely BenignLB

UncertainVUS

Likely PathogenicLP

PathogenicP

The variant received 11 classification points (ACGS-UK Somatic Oncogenicity v2025). O1_ModerateO2_Very_StrongO3_Supporting

The NM_007294.4(BRCA1):c.3748G>T (p.Glu1250*) variant causes a stop gained change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant is predicted to lead to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay (NMD). The gene BRCA1 is a tumor suppressor gene (CancerMine: 412 TSG, 22 oncogene, 49 driver citations). The gene BRCA1 is a cancer driver gene (CancerMine: 412 TSG, 22 oncogene, 49 driver citations). The variant allele was found at a cumulative frequency of 0.00000274 (AC=4) in the gnomAD database across 1,461,836 control chromosomes (no homozygotes observed). The grpmax filtering allele frequency (95% CI) is 0.00000084. In-silico predictor (BayesDel (noAF)) classifies this variant as likely damaging/oncogenic. Splicing prediction tools (SpliceAI) predict no significant impact on normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely Pathogenic (★★★). ClinVar reports functional evidence for this variant: "SCV000699068: functional study showed variant with ~10% of relative HDR activity in comparison to WT BRCA1 (Lu_2015).". The variant has been observed in cBioPortal in 2 samples across 2 studies and 2 cancer types; somatic enrichment level: SUPPORTING_LOW (Observed in a small number of cBioPortal cases.). This exact variant is curated in the UniProt human variants database as Uncertain Significance, associated with Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 1 (brovca1); it is also listed as a COSMIC curated somatic variant.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000027 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: BRCA1 NM_007294.4 stop_gained
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic reviewed by expert panel P:29 O:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.505
• Publications: 65 publications found

Genes affected

BRCA1 (HGNC:1100): (BRCA1 DNA repair associated) This gene encodes a 190 kD nuclear phosphoprotein that plays a role in maintaining genomic stability, and it also acts as a tumor suppressor. The BRCA1 gene contains 22 exons spanning about 110 kb of DNA. The encoded protein combines with other tumor suppressors, DNA damage sensors, and signal transducers to form a large multi-subunit protein complex known as the BRCA1-associated genome surveillance complex (BASC). This gene product associates with RNA polymerase II, and through the C-terminal domain, also interacts with histone deacetylase complexes. This protein thus plays a role in transcription, DNA repair of double-stranded breaks, and recombination. Mutations in this gene are responsible for approximately 40% of inherited breast cancers and more than 80% of inherited breast and ovarian cancers. Alternative splicing plays a role in modulating the subcellular localization and physiological function of this gene. Many alternatively spliced transcript variants, some of which are disease-associated mutations, have been described for this gene, but the full-length natures of only some of these variants has been described. A related pseudogene, which is also located on chromosome 17, has been identified. [provided by RefSeq, May 2020]

BRCA1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• BRCA1-related cancer predisposition

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics
• Fanconi anemia, complementation group S

  Inheritance: AR Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE, LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, G2P, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
• pancreatic cancer, susceptibility to, 4

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Genomics England PanelApp
• hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Fanconi anemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

Classification according to ACGS-UK Somatic Oncogenicity v2025

Specifications for BRCA1 are available in the ClinGen Criteria Specification Registry and recommended for reference when assigning criteria.

Classification was made for transcript:

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 11 points.

Apply	Criterion Code & Title / Strength	Strength	Rationale / Clinical Context
	O1Established oncogenic variant		TSG gene: ClinVar germline P/LP ★★+ — Moderate (O1); O1 contributing sources (2.0 pts): ClinVar germline P/LP in TSG (★★★)
	O2Null variant in tumour suppressor gene		Frameshift/stop-gained, NMD predicted, LoF oncogenic mechanism — O2 very strong (+8); Use caution in the presence of multiple transcripts; Gene confirmed as TSG in CancerMine (TSG: 412 citations, oncogene: 22 citations, driver: 49 citations).; Frameshift/stop-gained. NMD predicted: true. LoF mechanism: true. Downstream pathogenic count: 0.
	O3Absent or very rare in population		Very rare in gnomAD (popmax AF <0.01%) — O3 supporting; GnomAD effective popmax AF = 0.000001 — very rare (O3 supporting [+1])

Variant Effect in Transcripts

Automated classification analysis was done for transcript: NM_007294.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated classification assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	BRCA1	NM_007294.4	MANE Select	c.3748G>T	p.Glu1250*	stop_gained	Exon 10 of 23	NP_009225.1	P38398-1
	BRCA1	NM_001407581.1		c.3748G>T	p.Glu1250*	stop_gained	Exon 10 of 24	NP_001394510.1	A0A2R8Y7V5
	BRCA1	NM_001407582.1		c.3748G>T	p.Glu1250*	stop_gained	Exon 10 of 24	NP_001394511.1	A0A2R8Y7V5

Ensembl Transcripts

Sel.	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	BRCA1	ENST00000357654.9	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.3748G>T	p.Glu1250*	stop_gained	Exon 10 of 23	ENSP00000350283.3	P38398-1
	BRCA1	ENST00000471181.7	TSL:1	c.3748G>T	p.Glu1250*	stop_gained	Exon 10 of 24	ENSP00000418960.2	P38398-7
	BRCA1	ENST00000470026.6	TSL:1	c.3748G>T	p.Glu1250*	stop_gained	Exon 10 of 23	ENSP00000419274.2	P38398-1

Frequencies

Allele frequencies (AF), counts (AC/AN), homozygotes and coverage

Common (AF > 0.05 / Hom > 5)

Rare (AF ≤ 0.0001 / Hom ≤ 1)

Source / population	AF	AC	Hom	AN	Coverage
Global population databases 6 sources Large-scale international reference populations
GnomAD3 genomes	AF:	AC:	Hom:	AN:	Cov:32
GnomAD2 exomes	AF: 0.00000796	AC:2	Hom:	AN:251234	Cov:
GnomAD4 exome	AF: 0.00000274	AC:4	Hom:0	AN:1461836	Cov:32
GnomAD4 genome	AF:	AC:	Hom:	AN:	Cov:32
TOPMed (Bravo)	AF: 0.00000378	AC:1	Hom:0	AN:264690	Cov:
ALFA (dbGaP/dbSNP Allele Frequency Aggregator)	AF: 0.000122	AC:58	Hom:0	AN:473654	Cov:

Showing 6 sources

Case/control cohorts

Cohort	Cases			Controls
	AF	AC	AN	AF	AC	AN
Epi25(Epilepsy)	0.00	0	41958	0.0000150	1	66888

Showing 1 cohortAllele count / allele number. AF is computed from the counts for ASC (not provided by the source).

ClinVar

ClinVar submissions

Significance: Pathogenic

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

Pathogenic	VUS	Benign	Condition
12	-	-	Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 1 (12)
7	-	-	not provided (7)
5	-	-	Hereditary breast ovarian cancer syndrome (6)
3	-	-	Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome (3)
1	-	-	BRCA1-related cancer predisposition (1)
1	-	-	Familial cancer of breast (1)

Computational Scores

Algorithm	Calibrated pred.	Score	Prediction
AlphaGenome AVI	Pathogenic	29
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.35	D
BayesDel_noAF	Pathogenic	0.28
CADD	Pathogenic	31
DANN	Uncertain	0.98
Eigen	Uncertain	0.22
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.14
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.24	N
GPN-Star LLR	N/A	-2.5
GPN-Star score	N/A	2.5
Mutation Taster	N/A	0/200	disease causing (ClinVar)
PhyloP100	Benign	0.51
PromoterAI	N/A	-0.025	Neutral
RBP_binding_hub_radar	N/A	0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar	N/A	1.0

Showing 15 of 15 scores

Splicing Scores

Algorithm	Calibrated pred.	Score	Prediction
Pangolin (max)	Benign	0.0
SpliceAI score (max)	Benign	0.0	Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Showing 2 of 2 scores

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

MaxEntScan Visualizer can be used to analyze the impact of this mutation on the neighboring sequence.

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs28897686;

hg19: chr17-41243800;

COSMIC: COSV99066375;

ACMG debug oncogenicity

ACGS debug oncogenicity

ACMG debug germline

Submit to ClinVar