10-43126647-A-G

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. The variant received -9 ACMG points: 0P and 9B. BP4_StrongBP6BS1

The NM_020975.6(RET):c.3112A>G(p.Thr1038Ala) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000564 in 1,613,988 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. T1038I) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00045 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00058 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

RET
NM_020975.6 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:3B:20

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.49

Publications

18 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

RET (HGNC:9967): (ret proto-oncogene) This gene encodes a transmembrane receptor and member of the tyrosine protein kinase family of proteins. Binding of ligands such as GDNF (glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor) and other related proteins to the encoded receptor stimulates receptor dimerization and activation of downstream signaling pathways that play a role in cell differentiation, growth, migration and survival. The encoded receptor is important in development of the nervous system, and the development of organs and tissues derived from the neural crest. This proto-oncogene can undergo oncogenic activation through both cytogenetic rearrangement and activating point mutations. Mutations in this gene are associated with Hirschsprung disease and central hypoventilation syndrome and have been identified in patients with renal agenesis. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2017]

RET Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

familial medullary thyroid carcinoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, G2P
multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, ClinGen, G2P
multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2B
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: G2P, Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen
pheochromocytoma
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: G2P
Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 1
Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
Haddad syndrome
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
Hirschsprung disease
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
renal agenesis, unilateral
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
bilateral renal agenesis
Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
renal agenesis
Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: G2P

RET links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Benign. The variant received -9 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.041920394).

BP6

Variant 10-43126647-A-G is Benign according to our data. Variant chr10-43126647-A-G is described in ClinVar as Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity. ClinVar VariationId is 136115.

BS1

Variant frequency is greater than expected in population nfe. GnomAd4 allele frequency = 0.000454 (69/152122) while in subpopulation NFE AF = 0.000838 (57/67992). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.000664. There are 0 homozygotes in GnomAd4. There are 35 alleles in the male GnomAd4 subpopulation. Median coverage is 32. This position passed quality control check.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_020975.6. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
RET	NM_020975.6	MANE Select	c.3112A>G	p.Thr1038Ala	missense	Exon 19 of 20	NP_066124.1
RET	NM_001406743.1		c.3112A>G	p.Thr1038Ala	missense	Exon 19 of 21	NP_001393672.1
RET	NM_001406744.1		c.3112A>G	p.Thr1038Ala	missense	Exon 19 of 20	NP_001393673.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein
RET	ENST00000355710.8	TSL:5 MANE Select	c.3112A>G	p.Thr1038Ala	missense	Exon 19 of 20	ENSP00000347942.3
RET	ENST00000340058.6	TSL:1	c.3112A>G	p.Thr1038Ala	missense	Exon 19 of 19	ENSP00000344798.4
RET	ENST00000713926.1		c.2848A>G	p.Thr950Ala	missense	Exon 19 of 19	ENSP00000519223.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000454

AC:

AN:

152004

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000483

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.0000655

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.000849

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000838

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.000600

AC:

151

AN:

251466

AF XY:

0.000589

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000123

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000867

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.000198

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00194

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000870

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000326

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000576

AC:

842

AN:

1461866

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000576

AC XY:

419

AN XY:

727228

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000597

AC:

AN:

33480

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000157

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.000191

AC:

AN:

26136

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.0000232

AC:

AN:

86258

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00182

AC:

AN:

53400

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000636

AC:

707

AN:

1112006

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000364

AC:

AN:

60394

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.489

Heterozygous variant carriers

100

149

199

249

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

100

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000454

AC:

AN:

152122

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000471

AC XY:

AN XY:

74364

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000482

AC:

AN:

41502

American (AMR)

AF:

0.0000654

AC:

AN:

15284

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3464

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5168

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4792

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.000849

AC:

AN:

10606

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

292

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000838

AC:

AN:

67992

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2110

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.495

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.000816

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000385

TwinsUK

AF:

0.00

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.000519

AC:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000465

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000527

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.000654

EpiControl

AF:

0.000296

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3Benign:20

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:1Benign:4

Mar 29, 2021

GeneDx

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 24336963, 28873162, 24429398)

Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

Nov 03, 2021

Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital TU Dresden, University Hospital TU Dresden

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Oct 25, 2019

Athena Diagnostics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

not specified

Uncertain:1Benign:3

Nov 04, 2022

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: RET c.3112A>G (p.Thr1038Ala) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Four of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0006 in 251466 control chromosomes, predominantly within the Finnish- and Non-Finnish European subpopulations, at a frequency of about 0.0019 and 0.001, respectively (gnomAD). The observed variant frequencies in these subpopulations are approximately 25-50 fold higher than the estimated maximal expected allele frequency (MPAF) for a pathogenic variant in RET causing Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2 phenotype (3.7e-05), suggesting that the variant is a benign polymorphism. The variant, c.3112A>G, has been reported in the literature in multigene panel testing studies in individuals affected with various tumor phenotypes, mostly outside the RET gene associated tumor spectrum, and without strong evidence for causality (e.g. Zhang_2015, Kim_2018, Zhunussova_2019, Henn_2019, Backman_2020). These report(s) do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 2. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Seventeen submitters have provided clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. Multiple laboratories reported the variant with conflicting assessments, classifying the variant as likely benign (n=12), VUS (n=4), or benign (n=1). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely benign.

Oct 18, 2022

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The frequency of this variant in the general population (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org) is higher than would generally be expected for pathogenic variants in this gene.

Mar 04, 2025

Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Jan 30, 2020

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Multiple endocrine neoplasia, type 2

Benign:3

Feb 03, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Sep 23, 2024

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Jun 09, 2022

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Benign:3

Jun 13, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:curation

Jan 31, 2019

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity.

Jul 17, 2025

Laboratorio de I+D, Fundación Centro Médico de Asturias

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

BP4_Moderate+PM2_Supporting

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2A

Benign:2

May 16, 2018

Counsyl

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com.

May 28, 2019

Mendelics

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Ewing sarcoma of soft tissue

Uncertain:1

Mar 21, 2016

St. Jude Molecular Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Pheochromocytoma

Benign:1

May 22, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). No publications were found based on this search. Allele frequency data from public databases allowed determination this variant is unlikely to cause disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as likely benign.

Hirschsprung disease, susceptibility to, 1

Benign:1

May 22, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). No publications were found based on this search. Allele frequency data from public databases was too high to be consistent with this variant causing disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as benign.

Renal hypodysplasia/aplasia 1

Benign:1

May 22, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). No publications were found based on this search. Allele frequency data from public databases was too high to be consistent with this variant causing disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as benign.

Multiple endocrine neoplasia

Benign:1

May 22, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Benign

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). No publications were found based on this search. Allele frequency data from public databases was too high to be consistent with this variant causing disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as benign.

RET-related disorder

Benign:1

Dec 15, 2022

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance:Likely benign

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant is classified as likely benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications).

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.15

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.23

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.15

CADD

Uncertain

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.69

Eigen

Uncertain

0.48

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.55

FATHMM_MKL

Pathogenic

0.99

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.87

M_CAP

Uncertain

0.098

MetaRNN

Benign

0.042

MetaSVM

Uncertain

-0.049

MutationAssessor

Benign

0.69

PhyloP100

7.5

PrimateAI

Benign

0.45

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-3.0

REVEL

Uncertain

0.46

Sift

Uncertain

0.0040

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.053

Polyphen

0.97

Vest4

0.56

MVP

0.69

MPC

0.60

ClinPred

0.086

GERP RS

5.1

Varity_R

0.33

gMVP

0.53

Mutation Taster

=17/83

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Variant Effect in Transcripts

RefSeq Transcripts

Ensembl Transcripts

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over