11-5227157-G-C
Variant summary
Our verdict is Likely pathogenic. Variant got 9 ACMG points: 10P and 1B. PM2PP5_Very_StrongBP4
The ENST00000647020.1(HBB):c.-136C>G variant causes a 5 prime UTR change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000054 in 555,416 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).
Frequency
Consequence
ENST00000647020.1 5_prime_UTR
Scores
Clinical Significance
Conservation
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ACMG classification
Verdict is Likely_pathogenic. Variant got 9 ACMG points.
Transcripts
RefSeq
Ensembl
Frequencies
GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33
GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000540 AC: 3AN: 555416Hom.: 0 Cov.: 5 AF XY: 0.00000998 AC XY: 3AN XY: 300506
GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33
ClinVar
Submissions by phenotype
not provided Pathogenic:4
Not observed at significant frequency in presumably healthy individuals tested at GeneDx; Also known as -86C>G; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 2197725, 2393018, 26202972, 31395865, 1550780, 28385923, 23637309, 30173596, 22563936, 26291972, 1517101) -
This variant occurs in a non-coding region of the HBB gene. It does not change the encoded amino acid sequence of the HBB protein. This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has been observed in individuals with autosomal recessive beta thalassemia intermedia (PMID: 1550780, 30173596). This variant is also known as c.-86C>G. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 15465). Algorithms developed to predict the effect of sequence changes on RNA splicing suggest that this variant may create or strengthen a splice site. In summary, the currently available evidence indicates that the variant is pathogenic, but additional data are needed to prove that conclusively. Therefore, this variant has been classified as Likely Pathogenic. -
The HBB c.-136C>G variant (rs33994806, HbVar ID: 761), also known as -86 (C>G), has been reported in multiple homozygous individuals affected with beta(+)-thalassemia, as well as heterozygous individuals with beta-thalassemia trait (Bravo-Urquiola, 2012, He 2015, Moassas 2018, Thein 1990, HbVar database). This variant is absent from general population databases (Exome Variant Server, Genome Aggregation Database), indicating it is not a common polymorphism. This variant occurs in the functionally important proximal CACCC box in the HBB promoter, and variants in this promoter element are known to be associated with beta(+) thalassemia (Ropero 2017, Thein 2013). Based on available information, the c.-136C>G variant is considered to be pathogenic. References: HbVar database link: https://globin.bx.psu.edu/hbvar/menu.html Bravo-Urquiola M et al. Molecular spectrum of beta-thalassemia mutations in the admixed Venezuelan population, and their linkage to beta-globin gene haplotypes. Hemoglobin. 2012;36(3):209-18. PMID: 22563936. He S et al. First Description of a beta-Thalassemia Mutation, -86 (C>G) (HBB: c.-136C>G), in a Chinese Family. Hemoglobin. 2015;39(6):448-50. PMID: 26291972 Moassas F et al. Description of a Rare beta-Globin Gene Mutation: -86 (C>G) (HBB: c.-136C>G) Observed in a Syrian Family. Hemoglobin. 2018 May;42(3):203-205. PMID: 30173596. Ropero P et al. Phenotype of mutations in the promoter region of the beta-globin gene. J Clin Pathol. 2017 Oct;70(10):874-878. PMID: 28385923. Thein SL. The molecular basis of beta-thalassemia. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2013 May 1;3(5):a011700. PMID: 23637309. Thein SL et al. The molecular basis of beta-thalassemia in Thailand: application to prenatal diagnosis. Am J Hum Genet. 1990 Sep;47(3):369-75. PMID: 2393018. -
The HBB c.-136C>G variant (also known as -86C>G) is located in an important region in the promoter of the beta-globin gene and is expected to cause decreased transcription. This variant is associated with mild beta(+)-thalassemia (PMIDs: 2197725 (1990), 2393018 (1990), 22563936 (2012), 26291972 (2015), 30173596 (2018)). This variant has not been reported in large, multi-ethnic general populations (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org). Based on the available information, this variant is classified as pathogenic. -
beta Thalassemia Pathogenic:3Other:1
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Beta-thalassemia HBB/LCRB Pathogenic:1
The HBB c.-136C>G is a beta+ type of mutation located in the promoter of beta globin gene. When this variant present with other pathogenic HBB mutation leads to severe type of thalassemia. Patients needing blood transfusion, often presented with hepatosplenomegaly, Iron overload. The frequency of the variant among thalassemia patient in Eastern India is 0.09 % as per our multicentric project - A Genetic Diagnostic Algorithm Based Study for Thalassemia in Northern and Eastern Indian Populations, Funded by Dept. of Biotechnology , Govt of India [Project No. BT/PR26461/MED/12/821/2018] -
Beta-plus-thalassemia Pathogenic:1
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Computational scores
Source:
Splicing
Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at