11-5249390-T-A

Variant names:

• chr11-5249390-T-A
• rs34127117
• NM_000559.3:c.293A>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points: 2P and 0B. PM2

The NM_000559.3(HBG1):​c.293A>T​(p.His98Leu) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. H98R) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 15)
• Consequence: HBG1 NM_000559.3 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.64
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

HBG1 (HGNC:4831): (hemoglobin subunit gamma 1) The gamma globin genes (HBG1 and HBG2) are normally expressed in the fetal liver, spleen and bone marrow. Two gamma chains together with two alpha chains constitute fetal hemoglobin (HbF) which is normally replaced by adult hemoglobin (HbA) at birth. In some beta-thalassemias and related conditions, gamma chain production continues into adulthood. The two types of gamma chains differ at residue 136 where glycine is found in the G-gamma product (HBG2) and alanine is found in the A-gamma product (HBG1). The former is predominant at birth. The order of the genes in the beta-globin cluster is: 5'-epsilon -- gamma-G -- gamma-A -- delta -- beta--3'. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

HBG1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin-beta-thalassemia syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• delta-beta-thalassemia

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin-sickle cell disease syndrome

  Inheritance: AR Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet

ENSG00000284931 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 2 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
HBG1	NM_000559.3	c.293A>T	p.His98Leu	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 3	ENST00000330597.5	NP_000550.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
HBG1	ENST00000330597.5	c.293A>T	p.His98Leu	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 3	1	NM_000559.3	ENSP00000327431.4
ENSG00000284931	ENST00000642908.1	c.316-903A>T		intron_variant	Intron 2 of 2			ENSP00000495346.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 15

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 23

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 15

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not specified Uncertain:1

Mar 14, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.293A>T (p.H98L) alteration is located in exon 2 (coding exon 2) of the HBG1 gene. This alteration results from a A to T substitution at nucleotide position 293, causing the histidine (H) at amino acid position 98 to be replaced by a leucine (L). Based on insufficient or conflicting evidence, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.69
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.24	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.11
CADD	Benign	21
DANN	Benign	0.96
Eigen	Benign	-0.21
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.19
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.83	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.83	T
M_CAP	Benign	0.053	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.66	D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.44	D
PhyloP100		1.6
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.52	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-9.9	D
REVEL	Pathogenic	0.69
Sift	Uncertain	0.019	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.0090	D
Polyphen		0.033	B
Vest4		0.34
MutPred		0.90		Loss of ubiquitination at K96 (P = 0.0863);
MVP		0.91
MPC		1.5
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		2.2
PromoterAI		-0.0036	Neutral
gMVP		0.70
Mutation Taster		=59/41	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs34127117; hg19: chr11-5270620;