11-68684939-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points: 2P and 2B. PM2 BP4_Moderate

The NM_015973.5(GAL):c.16G>A(p.Ala6Thr) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000344 in 1,455,414 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. 13/21 in silico tools predict a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000034 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: GAL NM_015973.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 1.42

Genes affected

GAL (HGNC:4114): (galanin and GMAP prepropeptide) This gene encodes a neuroendocrine peptide that is widely expressed in the central and peripheral nervous systems and also the gastrointestinal tract, pancreas, adrenal gland and urogenital tract. The encoded protein is a precursor that is proteolytically processed to generate two mature peptides: galanin and galanin message-associated peptide (GMAP). Galanin has diverse physiological functions including nociception, feeding and energy homeostasis, osmotic regulation and water balance. GMAP has been demonstrated to possess antifungal activity and hypothesized to be part of the innate immune system. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2015]

LOC107984343 (HGNC:):

ACMG classification

Verdict is Uncertain_significance. Variant got 0 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.15770182).

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
GAL	NM_015973.5	c.16G>A	p.Ala6Thr	missense_variant	2/6	ENST00000265643.4
LOC107984343	XR_001748281.1	n.230+2902C>T		intron_variant, non_coding_transcript_variant

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
GAL	ENST00000265643.4	c.16G>A	p.Ala6Thr	missense_variant	2/6	1	NM_015973.5	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 33

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000426 AC: 1 AN: 234700 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000779 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 128368

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000294

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000344 AC: 5 AN: 1455414 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 29 AF XY: 0.00000276 AC XY: 2 AN XY: 724010

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.0000300

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.0000449

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.00000180

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 33

Bravo AF: 0.0000189

ExAC AF: 0.0000165 AC: 2

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Familial temporal lobe epilepsy 8 Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Aug 16, 2022	This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with GAL-related conditions. The frequency data for this variant in the population databases is considered unreliable, as metrics indicate poor data quality at this position in the gnomAD database. This sequence change replaces alanine, which is neutral and non-polar, with threonine, which is neutral and polar, at codon 6 of the GAL protein (p.Ala6Thr). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 850500). In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Algorithms developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function are either unavailable or do not agree on the potential impact of this missense change (SIFT: "Not Available"; PolyPhen-2: "Benign"; Align-GVGD: "Not Available"). -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	New York Genome Center	Apr 16, 2021	- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Benign	0.16
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.26	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.62
Cadd	Benign	22
Dann	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Benign	0.33	T
Eigen	Benign	-0.32
Eigen_PC	Benign	-0.30
FATHMM_MKL	Benign	0.31	N
LIST_S2	Benign	0.52	T
M_CAP	Benign	0.049	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.16	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.0	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	1.0	L
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	N
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.77	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-1.4	N
REVEL	Benign	0.061
Sift	Benign	0.088	T
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.044	D
Polyphen		0.60	P
Vest4		0.34
MutPred		0.14		Loss of methylation at R3 (P = 0.059);
MVP		0.43
MPC		0.13
ClinPred		0.22	T
GERP RS		2.0
Varity_R		0.048
gMVP		0.38

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs760551954; hg19: chr11-68452407; COSMIC: COSV55764134; COSMIC: COSV55764134;