12-110919148-C-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points: 4P and 0B. PM1PP2PP3

The NM_000432.4(MYL2):c.49G>A(p.Val17Met) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000929 in 1,613,874 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. V17A) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000033 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000068 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

MYL2
NM_000432.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:8

Conservation

PhyloP100: 7.53

Publications

2 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

MYL2 (HGNC:7583): (myosin light chain 2) This gene encodes a major sarcomeric protein in mammalian striated muscle. The encoded protein plays a role in embryonic heart muscle structure and function, while phosphorylation of the encoded protein is involved in cardiac myosin cycling kinetics, torsion and function in adults. Mutations in this gene are associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 10 and infant-onset myopathy. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

MYL2 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 10
Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: ClinGen, G2P, PanelApp Australia, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
myopathy, myofibrillar, 12, infantile-onset, with cardiomyopathy
Inheritance: AR Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
congenital fiber-type disproportion myopathy
Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
dilated cardiomyopathy
Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen
arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy
Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

MYL2 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 4 ACMG points.

PM1

In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 1 benign, 30 uncertain in NM_000432.4

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 11 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 2 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 0.39564 (below the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 1.1124 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 10, dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, myopathy, myofibrillar, 12, infantile-onset, with cardiomyopathy, congenital fiber-type disproportion myopathy.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.833

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein
MYL2	NM_000432.4 link	c.49G>A	p.Val17Met	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 7	ENST00000228841.15	NP_000423.2
MYL2	NM_001406916.1 link	c.-9G>A		5_prime_UTR_premature_start_codon_gain_variant	Exon 2 of 7		NP_001393845.1
MYL2	NM_001406745.1 link	c.49G>A	p.Val17Met	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 6		NP_001393674.1
MYL2	NM_001406916.1 link	c.-9G>A		5_prime_UTR_variant	Exon 2 of 7		NP_001393845.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MYL2	ENST00000228841.15 link	c.49G>A	p.Val17Met	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 7	1	NM_000432.4	ENSP00000228841.8

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000329

AC:

AN:

152118

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.000193

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.00

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.0000588

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.0000199

AC:

AN:

251464

AF XY:

0.0000147

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.000163

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000879

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000163

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000684

AC:

AN:

1461638

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000688

AC XY:

AN XY:

727084

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.0000299

AC:

AN:

33474

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

26134

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.0000504

AC:

AN:

39700

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

86242

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

53418

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5578

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.00000629

AC:

AN:

1112004

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

60364

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.455

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000328

AC:

AN:

152236

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000403

AC XY:

AN XY:

74418

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

41532

American (AMR)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

15288

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

3466

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.000193

AC:

AN:

5182

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4816

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

10604

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

294

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.0000588

AC:

AN:

68028

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2114

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.545

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.0000557

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.0000227

ExAC

AF:

0.0000165

AC:

Asia WGS

AF:

0.000866

AC:

AN:

3478

EpiCase

AF:

0.00

EpiControl

AF:

0.0000593

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:8

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 10

Uncertain:2

Jan 07, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This sequence change replaces valine, which is neutral and non-polar, with methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 17 of the MYL2 protein (p.Val17Met). This variant is present in population databases (rs730880943, gnomAD 0.02%). This missense change has been observed in individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (PMID: 28640247; internal data). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 181424). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Dec 07, 2021

University of Washington Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Washington

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.Val17Met variant in the MYL2 gene has been previously reported in 1 individual with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (Ko 2018) and has been submitted to ClinVar (Variation ID: 181424, ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/). The p.Val17Met variant has been identified in 5/251464 chromosomes by the Genome Aggregation Database (http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/) and 3/3478 chromosomes by the Genome Asia Database (browser.genomeasia100k.org). In silico tools predict that the variant the p.Val17Met variant is deleterious; however, these predictions have not been tested directly. Using ACMG guidelines, this variant was classified as a variant of uncertain significance (ACMG evidence codes used: PP3). -

not provided

Uncertain:2

Sep 23, 2019

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Reported in association with HCM (Ko et al., 2018); Reported in ClinVar as a variant of uncertain significance (ClinVar Variant ID# 181424; Landrum et al., 2016); Not observed at a significant frequency in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016); In silico analysis, which includes protein predictors and evolutionary conservation, supports a deleterious effect; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 28640247) -

Jun 26, 2024

Mayo Clinic Laboratories, Mayo Clinic

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Cardiomyopathy

Uncertain:1

Apr 18, 2023

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This missense variant replaces valine with methionine at codon 17 of the MYL2 protein. Computational prediction suggests that this variant may have a deleterious impact on protein structure and function (internally defined REVEL score threshold >= 0.7, PMID: 27666373). To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant has been reported in an individual affected with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (PMID: 28640247). This variant has been identified in 5/251464 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). The available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. Therefore, this variant is classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 10;C5561937:Myopathy, myofibrillar, 12, infantile-onset, with cardiomyopathy

Uncertain:1

Feb 01, 2022

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

Uncertain:1

Jan 11, 2024

All of Us Research Program, National Institutes of Health

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant of Uncertain Significance due to insufficient evidence: This missense variant replaces valine with methionine at codon 17 of the MYL2 protein. Computational prediction tools and conservation analyses are inconclusive regarding the impact of this variant on the protein function. Computational splicing tools suggest that this variant may not impact RNA splicing. To our knowledge, functional assays have not been performed for this variant nor has this variant been reported in individuals affected with cardiovascular disorders in the literature. This variant has been identified in 5/246252 chromosomes in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Available evidence is insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease conclusively. -

Cardiovascular phenotype

Uncertain:1

Jun 05, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

The p.V17M variant (also known as c.49G>A), located in coding exon 2 of the MYL2 gene, results from a G to A substitution at nucleotide position 49. The valine at codon 17 is replaced by methionine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This alteration has been reported in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) cohorts; however, clinical details were limited, and there is possible cohort overlap (Ho CY et al. Circulation, 2018 Oct;138:1387-1398; Ko C et al. Genet Med, 2018 Jan;20:69-75; Pua CJ et al. Circ Genom Precis Med, 2020 Oct;13:424-434; McGurk KA et al. Am J Hum Genet, 2023 Sep;110:1482-1495). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be deleterious by in silico analysis. Based on the available evidence, the clinical significance of this variant remains unclear. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Pathogenic

0.95

CardioboostCm

Pathogenic

0.99

BayesDel_addAF

Uncertain

0.10

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.17

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Pathogenic

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.73

D;.

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.78

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.77

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.97

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.35

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.83

D;D

MetaSVM

Uncertain

0.57

MutationAssessor

Benign

1.7

L;.

PhyloP100

7.5

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.73

PROVEAN

Uncertain

-2.6

D;N

REVEL

Pathogenic

0.72

Sift

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.012

D;D

Polyphen

1.0

D;.

Vest4

0.85

MVP

0.92

MPC

1.2

ClinPred

0.97

GERP RS

5.3

Varity_R

0.80

gMVP

0.80

Mutation Taster

=72/28

polymorphism

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over