14-23424817-C-G

Variant names:

• chr14-23424817-C-G
• rs1060505018
• NM_000257.4:c.2631G>C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. The variant received 23 ACMG points: 23P and 0B. PS1_Very_Strong PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_000257.4(MYH7):​c.2631G>C​(p.Met877Ile) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000342 in 1,461,890 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Another nucleotide change resulting in the same amino acid substitution has been previously reported as Likely pathogenic in ClinVar. Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. M877T) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000034 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: MYH7 NM_000257.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:6
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 4.81
• Publications: 7 publications found

Genes affected

MYH7 (HGNC:7577): (myosin heavy chain 7) Muscle myosin is a hexameric protein containing 2 heavy chain subunits, 2 alkali light chain subunits, and 2 regulatory light chain subunits. This gene encodes the beta (or slow) heavy chain subunit of cardiac myosin. It is expressed predominantly in normal human ventricle. It is also expressed in skeletal muscle tissues rich in slow-twitch type I muscle fibers. Changes in the relative abundance of this protein and the alpha (or fast) heavy subunit of cardiac myosin correlate with the contractile velocity of cardiac muscle. Its expression is also altered during thyroid hormone depletion and hemodynamic overloading. Mutations in this gene are associated with familial hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, myosin storage myopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, and Laing distal myopathy. [provided by RefSeq, May 2022]

MYH7 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• dilated cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• dilated cardiomyopathy 1S

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, Ambry Genetics
• hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: PanelApp Australia, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P, Ambry Genetics
• MYH7-related skeletal myopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, Ambry Genetics
• myopathy, myosin storage, autosomal recessive

  Inheritance: AR Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae)
• myopathy, myosin storage, autosomal dominant

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• congenital myopathy 7A, myosin storage, autosomal dominant

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• Ebstein anomaly

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• hyaline body myopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• left ventricular noncompaction

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen
• congenital heart disease

  Inheritance: AD Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Pathogenic. The variant received 23 ACMG points.

• PS1: Transcript NM_000257.4 (MYH7) is affected with MISSENSE_VARIANT having same AA change as one Pathogenic present in ClinVar.
• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 17 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 16 uncertain in NM_000257.4
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr14-23424818-A-G is described in ClinVar as Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 1065619.Status of the report is no_assertion_criteria_provided, 0 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant in the MYH7 gene, where missense mutations are typically associated with disease (based on misZ statistic). The gene has 341 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 16 curated benign missense variants. Gene score misZ: 3.9329 (above the threshold of 3.09). Trascript score misZ: 6.7889 (above the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to myopathy, myosin storage, autosomal recessive, MYH7-related skeletal myopathy, congenital myopathy 7A, myosin storage, autosomal dominant, Ebstein anomaly, hyaline body myopathy, left ventricular noncompaction, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 1, dilated cardiomyopathy 1S, dilated cardiomyopathy, congenital heart disease, familial isolated dilated cardiomyopathy, myopathy, myosin storage, autosomal dominant, arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
• PP5: Variant 14-23424817-C-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr14-23424817-C-G is described in ClinVar as Pathogenic/Likely_pathogenic. ClinVar VariationId is 573352.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
MYH7	NM_000257.4	c.2631G>C	p.Met877Ile	missense_variant	Exon 22 of 40	ENST00000355349.4	NP_000248.2
MYH7	NM_001407004.1	c.2631G>C	p.Met877Ile	missense_variant	Exon 21 of 39		NP_001393933.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
MYH7	ENST00000355349.4	c.2631G>C	p.Met877Ile	missense_variant	Exon 22 of 40	1	NM_000257.4	ENSP00000347507.3
MYH7	ENST00000713768.1	c.2631G>C	p.Met877Ile	missense_variant	Exon 22 of 41			ENSP00000519070.1
MYH7	ENST00000713769.1	c.2631G>C	p.Met877Ile	missense_variant	Exon 21 of 39			ENSP00000519071.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000342 AC: 5 AN: 1461890 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00000413 AC XY: 3 AN XY: 727248

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 39700

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 86258

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53416

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5768

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.00000450 AC: 5 AN: 1112012

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 60396

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:6

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Cardiomyopathy Pathogenic:2

Dec 29, 2020

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: MYH7 c.2631G>C (p.Met877Ile) results in a conservative amino acid change located in the Myosin tail domain (IPR002928) of the encoded protein sequence. Three of five in-silico tools predict a benign effect of the variant on protein function. The variant was absent in 251406 control chromosomes (gnomAD). c.2631G>C has been reported in the literature in individuals affected with Cardiomyopathy (e.g. Walsh_2016). In addition, the p.Met877Ile variant (nucleotide change not specified) has been reported in families affected with cardiomyopathy (Mattos_2016, Wang_2019), and was indicated to segregate with disease (Mattos_2016). Other variants in this position that result in the same p.Met877Ile amino acid change have also been reported in individuals with cardiomyopathy (c.2631G>A, e.g. Walsh_2016; c.2631G>T, e.g. Bortoli_2017), providing further evidence that this change may be associated with disease. To our knowledge, no experimental evidence demonstrating an impact on protein function has been reported. Two other clinical diagnostic laboratories have submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation. Both laboratories cited the variant as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. -

Sep 11, 2024

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This missense variant replaces methionine with isoleucine at codon 877 of the MYH7 protein. This variant is found within a highly conserved region of the myosin head domain. Missense variants in this region have been shown to be significantly overrepresented in individuals with affected with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (PMID: 27532257). Computational prediction tools indicate that this variant has a neutral impact on protein structure and function. To our knowledge, functional studies have not been reported for this variant. This variant, as well as two other nucleotide changes causing the same amino acid change (c.2631G>T, ClinVar variation ID: 417718, and c.2631G>A, ClinVar variation ID: 955476), have been reported in more than 15 individuals affected with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (PMID: 17643520, 20513729, 27532257, 27737317, 28699631, 30297972, 31638223, 32731933, 37466024; ClinVar SCV000823477.5, SCV001576910.2, SCV001400509.3). It has been shown that this missense variant segregates with disease in five affected individuals across two families (PMID: 27737317, 28699631). This variant has not been identified in the general population by the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Based on available evidence, this variant is classified as Likely Pathogenic. -

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy 1 Pathogenic:2

Feb 02, 2022

Victorian Clinical Genetics Services, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Based on the classification scheme VCGS_Germline_v1.3.4, this variant is classified as likely pathogenic. Following criteria are met: 0105 - The mechanism of disease for this gene is not clearly established, however, missense variants have been proposed to act in a dominant negative manner (PMID: 24714796). (I) 0108 - This gene is associated with both recessive and dominant disease. Pathogenic variants in this gene are usually heterozygous, however a recessive inheritance pattern has been observed in severe cases (OMIM). (I) 0112 - The condition associated with this gene has incomplete penetrance (PMID: 29300372). (I) 0200 - Variant is predicted to result in a missense amino acid change from methionine to isoleucine. (I) 0251 - This variant is heterozygous. (I) 0301 - Variant is absent from gnomAD (both v2 and v3). (SP) 0502 - Missense variant with conflicting in silico predictions and uninformative conservation. (I) 0602 - Variant is located in a hotspot region or cluster of pathogenic variants. This variant is found within the head region, which is enriched with pathogenic missense variants (PMID: 29300372). (SP) 0705 - No comparable missense variants have previous evidence for pathogenicity. (I) 0802 - This variant has moderate previous evidence of pathogenicity in unrelated individuals. This variant has been reported in at least six probands with HCM (PMID: 27532257, PMID: 27737317, PMID: 28699631, PMID: 17643520). This variant has also been reported in a compound heterozygous state with another MYH7 missense variant in a HCM proband (PMID: 31638223). (SP) 0903 - This variant has limited evidence for segregation with disease. This variant has been shown to segregate with HCM in three individuals from two families (PMID: 27737317, PMID: 28699631). (SP) 1007 - No published functional evidence has been identified for this variant. (I) 1208 - Inheritance information for this variant is not currently available in this individual. (I) Legend: (SP) - Supporting pathogenic, (I) - Information, (SB) - Supporting benign -

Oct 27, 2021

Genetics and Molecular Pathology, SA Pathology

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The MYH7 c.2631G>C variant is a single nucleotide change in exon 22/40 of the MYH7 gene, which is predicted to change the amino acid methionine at position 877 in the protein, to isoleucine. This variant is located in the conserved MYH7 functional domain (within amino acids 181-937) (PM1) and has been reported in at least 6 probands with a clinical presentation of Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (PMID#32731933, 28699631, 27737317, SA Pathology cohort) (PS4_Moderate). It is reported to co-segregate with disease in 4 meioses in 3 families; PMID#27737317, 28699631, SA Pathology cohort (PP1). This variant is absent from population databases (PM2), is reported in dbSNP (rs1060505018), is reported as ?disease causing in HGMD (CM1616701) and has been reported with conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity by other diagnostic laboratories (ClinVar Variation ID: 573352). Other changes at this same amino acid (p.M877K/T) are also reported as disease causing in individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, further strengthening the likely importance of this amino acid in the MYH7 protein. -

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy Pathogenic:1

Sep 23, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces methionine, which is neutral and non-polar, with isoleucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 877 of the MYH7 protein (p.Met877Ile). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This missense change has been observed in individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (PMID: 27737317, 28699631, 32731933). It has also been observed to segregate with disease in related individuals. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 573352). Invitae Evidence Modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) indicates that this missense variant is expected to disrupt MYH7 protein function with a positive predictive value of 80%. This variant disrupts the p.Met877 amino acid residue in MYH7. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (internal data). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Cardiovascular phenotype Pathogenic:1

Apr 12, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.M877I variant (also known as c.2631G>C), located in coding exon 20 of the MYH7 gene, results from a G to C substitution at nucleotide position 2631. The methionine at codon 877 is replaced by isoleucine, an amino acid with highly similar properties. This alteration is located in the myosin head domain, which contains a statistically significant clustering of pathogenic missense variants (Homburger JR et al. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 2016 06;113:6701-6; Walsh R et al. Genet Med, 2017 02;19:192-203; Ambry internal data). This alteration has been reported in multiple individuals with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) (Melacini P et al. Int J Cardiol, 2008 Aug;128:364-73; Mattos BP et al. Arq Bras Cardiol, 2016 Sep;107:257-265; Walsh R et al. Genet Med, 2017 02;19:192-203; Lorenzini M et al. J Am Coll Cardiol, 2020 08;76:550-559). In addition, two other alterations located at the same position, resulting in the same protein change, c.2631G>T and c.2631G>A, have been described in individuals with HCM (De Bortoli M et al. Eur. J. Hum. Genet., 2017 10;25:1165-1169; Walsh R et al. Genet. Med., 2017 02;19:192-203; Wang B et al. Mol Med Rep, 2019 Dec;20:5229-5238). This amino acid position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In addition, the in silico prediction for this alteration is inconclusive. This variant is considered to be rare based on population cohorts in the Genome Aggregation Database (gnomAD). Based on the majority of available evidence to date, this variant is likely to be pathogenic. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.64
CardioboostCm	Pathogenic	0.98
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.16	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	-0.010
CADD	Uncertain	24
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.81	D
Eigen	Benign	0.0041
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.17
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.87	D
M_CAP	Pathogenic	0.63	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.63	D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	0.17	D
MutationAssessor	Benign	2.0	M
PhyloP100		4.8
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.85	D
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.4	N
REVEL	Uncertain	0.42
Sift	Uncertain	0.026	D
Sift4G	Benign	0.39	T
Polyphen		0.0020	B
Vest4		0.63
MutPred		0.50		Gain of catalytic residue at L880 (P = 0.1463);
MVP		0.90
MPC		1.1
ClinPred		0.75	D
GERP RS		4.7
Varity_R		0.43
gMVP		0.99
Mutation Taster		=3/97	disease causing (ClinVar)

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1060505018; hg19: chr14-23894026;