15-27755222-G-A

Position:

• chr15-27755222-G-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -5 ACMG points: 0P and 5B. BP4_Strong BS2_Supporting

The NM_000275.3(OCA2):​c.*166C>T variant causes a 3 prime UTR change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00144 in 641,242 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 5 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.0020 (1 hom., cov: 33)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.0013 (4 hom.)
• Consequence: OCA2 NM_000275.3 3_prime_UTR
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 0.388

Genes affected

OCA2 (HGNC:8101): (OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein) This gene encodes the human homolog of the mouse p (pink-eyed dilution) gene. The encoded protein is believed to be an integral membrane protein involved in small molecule transport, specifically tyrosine, which is a precursor to melanin synthesis. It is involved in mammalian pigmentation, where it may control skin color variation and act as a determinant of brown or blue eye color. Mutations in this gene result in type 2 oculocutaneous albinism. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -5 ACMG points.

• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (BayesDel_noAF=-0.99).
• BS2: High Homozygotes in GnomAdExome4 at 4 AD,AR geneVariant has number of homozygotes lower than other variant known as pathogenic in the gene, so the strength is limited to Supporting.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
OCA2	NM_000275.3	c.*166C>T		3_prime_UTR_variant	24/24	ENST00000354638.8	NP_000266.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
OCA2	ENST00000354638.8	c.*166C>T		3_prime_UTR_variant	24/24	1	NM_000275.3	ENSP00000346659	P1
OCA2	ENST00000353809.9	c.*166C>T		3_prime_UTR_variant	23/23	1		ENSP00000261276

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.00204 AC: 310 AN: 152160 Hom.: 1 Cov.: 33

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00386

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.000916

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00347

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.000207

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00914

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.000235

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00191

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00126 AC: 615 AN: 488964 Hom.: 4 Cov.: 4 AF XY: 0.00115 AC XY: 303 AN XY: 263712

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00299

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.000412

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.00551

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.000121

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00921

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.000184

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.00139

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.00204 AC: 311 AN: 152278 Hom.: 1 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00230 AC XY: 171 AN XY: 74458

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.00387

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.000915

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00347

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.000208

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00914

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.000235

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00189

Alfa AF: 0.00132 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.00150

Asia WGS AF: 0.00433 AC: 15 AN: 3478

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

Tyrosinase-positive oculocutaneous albinism Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Jan 13, 2018

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score, this variant could not be ruled out of causing disease and therefore its association with disease required further investigation. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (if applicable). No publications were found based on this search. This variant was therefore classified as a variant of unknown significance for this disease. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.99
CADD	Benign	0.33
DANN	Benign	0.28

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs182290687; hg19: chr15-28000368;