15-27755401-AC-A

Position:

• chr15-27755401-AC-A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PVS1 PM2

The NM_000275.3(OCA2):​c.2503del​(p.Val835TrpfsTer24) variant causes a frameshift change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: OCA2 NM_000275.3 frameshift
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -0.968

Genes affected

OCA2 (HGNC:8101): (OCA2 melanosomal transmembrane protein) This gene encodes the human homolog of the mouse p (pink-eyed dilution) gene. The encoded protein is believed to be an integral membrane protein involved in small molecule transport, specifically tyrosine, which is a precursor to melanin synthesis. It is involved in mammalian pigmentation, where it may control skin color variation and act as a determinant of brown or blue eye color. Mutations in this gene result in type 2 oculocutaneous albinism. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2014]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points.

• PVS1: Frameshift in the end of transcript resulting in stoplost. Downstream stopcodon NOT found. This looks like a Nonstop Mediated Decay case. LoF is a known mechanism of disease.
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
OCA2	NM_000275.3	c.2503del	p.Val835TrpfsTer24	frameshift_variant	24/24	ENST00000354638.8

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
OCA2	ENST00000354638.8	c.2503del	p.Val835TrpfsTer24	frameshift_variant	24/24	1	NM_000275.3	P1
OCA2	ENST00000353809.9	c.2431del	p.Val811TrpfsTer24	frameshift_variant	23/23	1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 29

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Feb 22, 2022

In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. Experimental studies and prediction algorithms are not available or were not evaluated, and the functional significance of this variant is currently unknown. This frameshift has been observed in individual(s) with ocular albinism (PMID: 21541274). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This sequence change results in a frameshift in the OCA2 gene (p.Val835Trpfs*24). While this is not anticipated to result in nonsense mediated decay, it is expected to disrupt the last 4 amino acid(s) of the OCA2 protein and extend the protein by 19 additional amino acid residues. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

No publications associated with this variant yet.

Other links and lift over

hg19: chr15-28000547;