16-68833301-G-A

Variant names:

• chr16-68833301-G-A
• rs149450874
• NM_004360.5:c.2451G>A

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. The variant received -5 ACMG points: 0P and 5B. BS2 BP7

This summary comes from the ClinGen Evidence Repository: The c.2451G>A variant is predicted silent and has been observed in >10 individuals without a diagnosis of diffuse gastric cancer, signet ring tumor or lobular breast cancer and whose family histories do not suggest HDGC (BS2; internal laboratory contributors). The nucleotide is not conserved (BP7). Therefore, this variant meets criteria to be classified as likely benign. ACMG/AMP criteria applied, as specified by the CDH1 Variant Curation Expert Panel (Variant Interpretation Guidelines Version 3.1): BS2, BP7. LINK:https://erepo.genome.network/evrepo/ui/classification/CA186706/MONDO:0007648/007

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.00012 (1 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.00014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: CDH1 NM_004360.5 synonymous
• Clinical Significance: Likely benign reviewed by expert panel B:16
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -2.82
• Publications: 4 publications found

Genes affected

CDH1 (HGNC:1748): (cadherin 1) This gene encodes a classical cadherin of the cadherin superfamily. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate the mature glycoprotein. This calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion protein is comprised of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail. Mutations in this gene are correlated with gastric, breast, colorectal, thyroid and ovarian cancer. Loss of function of this gene is thought to contribute to cancer progression by increasing proliferation, invasion, and/or metastasis. The ectodomain of this protein mediates bacterial adhesion to mammalian cells and the cytoplasmic domain is required for internalization. This gene is present in a gene cluster with other members of the cadherin family on chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

CDH1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• blepharocheilodontic syndrome 1

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Illumina, Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), G2P
• CDH1-related diffuse gastric and lobular breast cancer syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, STRONG Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), ClinGen, G2P
• hereditary breast carcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• hereditary diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE, SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics, Orphanet
• cleft soft palate

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• orofacial cleft 3

  Inheritance: AD Classification: MODERATE Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• blepharocheilodontic syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• familial ovarian cancer

  Inheritance: AD Classification: NO_KNOWN Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Likely_benign. The variant received -5 ACMG points.

• BP7: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.
• BS2: For more information check the summary or visit ClinGen Evidence Repository.

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_004360.5. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	CDH1	NM_004360.5	MANE Select	c.2451G>A	p.Ala817Ala	synonymous	Exon 16 of 16	NP_004351.1
	CDH1	NM_001317184.2		c.2268G>A	p.Ala756Ala	synonymous	Exon 15 of 15	NP_001304113.1
	CDH1	NM_001317185.2		c.903G>A	p.Ala301Ala	synonymous	Exon 16 of 16	NP_001304114.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	CDH1	ENST00000261769.10	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.2451G>A	p.Ala817Ala	synonymous	Exon 16 of 16	ENSP00000261769.4
	CDH1	ENST00000422392.6	TSL:1	c.2268G>A	p.Ala756Ala	synonymous	Exon 15 of 15	ENSP00000414946.2
	CDH1	ENST00000562836.5	TSL:1	n.2522G>A		non_coding_transcript_exon	Exon 15 of 15

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.000112 AC: 17 AN: 152156 Hom.: 1 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.0000966

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.000328

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.000621

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000588

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.000478

GnomAD2 exomes AF: 0.0000557 AC: 14 AN: 251462 AF XY: 0.0000589

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.000123

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.000217

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000527

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.000163

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.000144 AC: 211 AN: 1461820 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.000144 AC XY: 105 AN XY: 727228

African (AFR) AF: 0.0000896 AC: 3 AN: 33480

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 44724

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 26136

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.000202 AC: 8 AN: 39698

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.0000232 AC: 2 AN: 86256

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 53420

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5766

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.000176 AC: 196 AN: 1111944

Other (OTH) AF: 0.0000331 AC: 2 AN: 60396

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.000118 AC: 18 AN: 152274 Hom.: 1 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.000148 AC XY: 11 AN XY: 74456

African (AFR) AF: 0.000120 AC: 5 AN: 41544

American (AMR) AF: 0.000327 AC: 5 AN: 15284

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 3472

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 5186

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.000621 AC: 3 AN: 4830

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 10612

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 294

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 0.0000588 AC: 4 AN: 68028

Other (OTH) AF: 0.000473 AC: 1 AN: 2112

Alfa AF: 0.000147 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.0000869

EpiCase AF: 0.000109

EpiControl AF: 0.000119

ClinVar

Significance: Likely benign

Submissions summary: Benign:16

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma Benign:5

Mar 06, 2023

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered benign. This variant is a silent/synonymous amino acid change and it is not expected to impact splicing.

Jan 22, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

May 02, 2017

Counsyl

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

This submission and the accompanying classification are no longer maintained by the submitter. For more information on current observations and classification, please contact variantquestions@myriad.com.

Aug 01, 2022

European Reference Network on Genetic Tumour Risk Syndromes (ERN-GENTURIS), i3s - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

BS2; BP7 (PMID: 30311375)

Jan 13, 2018

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease.

not specified Benign:3

Mar 28, 2019

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Variant summary: CDH1 c.2451G>A alters a non-conserved nucleotide resulting in a synonymous change. 5/5 computational tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. However, these predictions have yet to be confirmed by functional studies. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 6.9e-05 in 277230 control chromosomes. The observed variant frequency is approximately 2.42 fold of the estimated maximal expected allele frequency for a pathogenic variant in CDH1 causing Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer phenotype (2.8e-05), strongly suggesting that the variant is benign. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.2451G>A in individuals affected with Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. Six ClinVar submissions from clinical diagnostic laboratories (evaluation after 2014) cites the variant five times as likely benign/benign and once as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as benign.

Dec 05, 2019

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Mar 30, 2015

GeneDx

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered likely benign or benign based on one or more of the following criteria: it is a conservative change, it occurs at a poorly conserved position in the protein, it is predicted to be benign by multiple in silico algorithms, and/or has population frequency not consistent with disease.

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Benign:3

Jan 26, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: curation

Oct 16, 2015

Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Apr 02, 2015

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity.

Breast and/or ovarian cancer Benign:1

Nov 06, 2019

CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

CDH1-related disorder Benign:1

Mar 21, 2019

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is classified as likely benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications).

Familial cancer of breast;C1140680:Ovarian cancer Benign:1

Jul 11, 2024

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

not provided Benign:1

Jun 01, 2022

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

CDH1: BP4, BP7

CDH1-related diffuse gastric and lobular breast cancer syndrome Benign:1

Aug 17, 2023

ClinGen CDH1 Variant Curation Expert Panel

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: reviewed by expert panel

Collection Method: curation

The c.2451G>A variant is predicted silent and has been observed in >10 individuals without a diagnosis of diffuse gastric cancer, signet ring tumor or lobular breast cancer and whose family histories do not suggest HDGC (BS2; internal laboratory contributors). The nucleotide is not conserved (BP7). Therefore, this variant meets criteria to be classified as likely benign. ACMG/AMP criteria applied, as specified by the CDH1 Variant Curation Expert Panel (Variant Interpretation Guidelines Version 3.1): BS2, BP7.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.60
CADD	Benign	1.0
DANN	Benign	0.46
PhyloP100		-2.8
Mutation Taster		=91/9	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs149450874; hg19: chr16-68867204;