rs149450874

Positions:

• chr16-68833301-G-A
• chr16-68833301-G-C
• chr16-68833301-G-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -5 ACMG points: 0P and 5B. BS2 BP7

This summary comes from the ClinGen Evidence Repository: The c.2451G>A variant is predicted silent and has been observed in >10 individuals without a diagnosis of diffuse gastric cancer, signet ring tumor or lobular breast cancer and whose family histories do not suggest HDGC (BS2; internal laboratory contributors). The nucleotide is not conserved (BP7). Therefore, this variant meets criteria to be classified as likely benign. ACMG/AMP criteria applied, as specified by the CDH1 Variant Curation Expert Panel (Variant Interpretation Guidelines Version 3.1): BS2, BP7. LINK:https://erepo.genome.network/evrepo/ui/classification/CA186706/MONDO:0007648/007

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.00012 (1 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.00014 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: CDH1 NM_004360.5 synonymous
• Clinical Significance: Likely benign reviewed by expert panel B:15
• Conservation: PhyloP100: -2.82

Genes affected

CDH1 (HGNC:1748): (cadherin 1) This gene encodes a classical cadherin of the cadherin superfamily. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants, at least one of which encodes a preproprotein that is proteolytically processed to generate the mature glycoprotein. This calcium-dependent cell-cell adhesion protein is comprised of five extracellular cadherin repeats, a transmembrane region and a highly conserved cytoplasmic tail. Mutations in this gene are correlated with gastric, breast, colorectal, thyroid and ovarian cancer. Loss of function of this gene is thought to contribute to cancer progression by increasing proliferation, invasion, and/or metastasis. The ectodomain of this protein mediates bacterial adhesion to mammalian cells and the cytoplasmic domain is required for internalization. This gene is present in a gene cluster with other members of the cadherin family on chromosome 16. [provided by RefSeq, Nov 2015]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -5 ACMG points.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
CDH1	NM_004360.5	c.2451G>A	p.Ala817=	synonymous_variant	16/16	ENST00000261769.10
CDH1	NM_001317184.2	c.2268G>A	p.Ala756=	synonymous_variant	15/15
CDH1	NM_001317185.2	c.903G>A	p.Ala301=	synonymous_variant	16/16
CDH1	NM_001317186.2	c.486G>A	p.Ala162=	synonymous_variant	15/15

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
CDH1	ENST00000261769.10	c.2451G>A	p.Ala817=	synonymous_variant	16/16	1	NM_004360.5	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.000112 AC: 17 AN: 152156 Hom.: 1 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.0000966

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.000328

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.000621

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000588

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.000478

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.0000557 AC: 14 AN: 251462 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.0000589 AC XY: 8 AN XY: 135914

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.000123

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.000217

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.0000327

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.0000527

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.000163

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.000144 AC: 211 AN: 1461820 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.000144 AC XY: 105 AN XY: 727228

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.0000896

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.000202

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000232

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.000176

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.0000331

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.000118 AC: 18 AN: 152274 Hom.: 1 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.000148 AC XY: 11 AN XY: 74456

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.000120

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.000327

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.000621

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.0000588

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.000473

Alfa AF: 0.000107 Hom.: 0

Bravo AF: 0.0000869

EpiCase AF: 0.000109

EpiControl AF: 0.000119

ClinVar

Significance: Likely benign

Submissions summary: Benign:15

Revision: reviewed by expert panel

Submissions by phenotype

Hereditary diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma Benign:5

Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina	Jan 13, 2018	This variant was observed in the ICSL laboratory as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. It had not been previously curated by ICSL or reported in the Human Gene Mutation Database (HGMD: prior to June 1st, 2018), and was therefore a candidate for classification through an automated scoring system. Utilizing variant allele frequency, disease prevalence and penetrance estimates, and inheritance mode, an automated score was calculated to assess if this variant is too frequent to cause the disease. Based on the score and internal cut-off values, a variant classified as benign is not then subjected to further curation. The score for this variant resulted in a classification of benign for this disease. -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Invitae	Jan 19, 2024	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	May 02, 2017	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	European Reference Network on Genetic Tumour Risk Syndromes (ERN-GENTURIS), i3s - Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto	Aug 01, 2022	BS2; BP7 (PMID: 30311375) -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Myriad Genetics, Inc.	Mar 06, 2023	This variant is considered benign. This variant is a silent/synonymous amino acid change and it is not expected to impact splicing. -

not specified Benign:3

Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp	Mar 28, 2019	Variant summary: CDH1 c.2451G>A alters a non-conserved nucleotide resulting in a synonymous change. 5/5 computational tools predict no significant impact on normal splicing. However, these predictions have yet to be confirmed by functional studies. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 6.9e-05 in 277230 control chromosomes. The observed variant frequency is approximately 2.42 fold of the estimated maximal expected allele frequency for a pathogenic variant in CDH1 causing Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer phenotype (2.8e-05), strongly suggesting that the variant is benign. To our knowledge, no occurrence of c.2451G>A in individuals affected with Hereditary Diffuse Gastric Cancer and no experimental evidence demonstrating its impact on protein function have been reported. Six ClinVar submissions from clinical diagnostic laboratories (evaluation after 2014) cites the variant five times as likely benign/benign and once as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as benign. -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	Dec 05, 2019	- -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Mar 30, 2015	This variant is considered likely benign or benign based on one or more of the following criteria: it is a conservative change, it occurs at a poorly conserved position in the protein, it is predicted to be benign by multiple in silico algorithms, and/or has population frequency not consistent with disease. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Benign:3

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Apr 02, 2015	This alteration is classified as likely benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -
Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	curation	Sema4, Sema4	Jan 26, 2021	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Color Diagnostics, LLC DBA Color Health	Oct 16, 2015	- -

Breast and/or ovarian cancer Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

CHEO Genetics Diagnostic Laboratory, Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario

Nov 06, 2019

- -

CDH1-related disorder Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Mar 21, 2019

This variant is classified as likely benign based on ACMG/AMP sequence variant interpretation guidelines (Richards et al. 2015 PMID: 25741868, with internal and published modifications). -

not provided Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Jun 01, 2022

CDH1: BP4, BP7 -

CDH1-related diffuse gastric and lobular breast cancer syndrome Benign:1

Likely benign, reviewed by expert panel

curation

ClinGen CDH1 Variant Curation Expert Panel

Aug 17, 2023

The c.2451G>A variant is predicted silent and has been observed in >10 individuals without a diagnosis of diffuse gastric cancer, signet ring tumor or lobular breast cancer and whose family histories do not suggest HDGC (BS2; internal laboratory contributors). The nucleotide is not conserved (BP7). Therefore, this variant meets criteria to be classified as likely benign. ACMG/AMP criteria applied, as specified by the CDH1 Variant Curation Expert Panel (Variant Interpretation Guidelines Version 3.1): BS2, BP7. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.60
CADD	Benign	1.0
DANN	Benign	0.46

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs149450874; hg19: chr16-68867204;