17-35106385-C-T

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points: 10P and 0B. PVS1_ModeratePP5_Very_Strong

The NM_002878.4(RAD51D):c.576+1G>A variant causes a splice donor, intron change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000372 in 1,612,668 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. 3/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.000020 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.0000021 ( 0 hom. )

Consequence

RAD51D
NM_002878.4 splice_donor, intron

Scores

Splicing: ADA: 1.000

Clinical Significance

Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:9

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.33

Variant links:

Genes affected

RAD51D (HGNC:9823): (RAD51 paralog D) The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the RAD51 protein family. RAD51 family members are highly similar to bacterial RecA and Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rad51, which are known to be involved in the homologous recombination and repair of DNA. This protein forms a complex with several other members of the RAD51 family, including RAD51L1, RAD51L2, and XRCC2. The protein complex formed with this protein has been shown to catalyze homologous pairing between single- and double-stranded DNA, and is thought to play a role in the early stage of recombinational repair of DNA. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants. Read-through transcription also exists between this gene and the downstream ring finger and FYVE-like domain containing 1 (RFFL) gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2011]

RAD51D links:

ENSG00000267618 (HGNC:):

ENSG00000267618 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 10 ACMG points.

PVS1

Splicing +-2 bp (donor or acceptor) variant, product NOT destroyed by NMD, known LOF gene, truncates exone, which is 0.09726444 fraction of the gene. No cryptic splice site detected. Exon removal is inframe change.

PP5

Variant 17-35106385-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr17-35106385-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 371839.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr17-35106385-C-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
RAD51D	NM_002878.4 link	c.576+1G>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 6 of 9	ENST00000345365.11	NP_002869.3	O75771-1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
RAD51D	ENST00000345365.11 link	c.576+1G>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 6 of 9	1	NM_002878.4	ENSP00000338790.6		O75771-1
ENSG00000267618	ENST00000593039.5 link	c.99+1G>A		splice_donor_variant, intron_variant	Intron 2 of 6	2		ENSP00000466834.1		K7EN88

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152212

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.000188

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.00000402

AC:

AN:

248838

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.00

AC XY:

AN XY:

134470

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.00000888

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.00

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.00000205

AC:

AN:

1460456

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.00000275

AC XY:

AN XY:

726428

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.0000187

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

9.00e-7

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.0000166

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.0000197

AC:

AN:

152212

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.0000269

AC XY:

AN XY:

74358

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.0000241

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.000188

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

ExAC

AF:

0.00000824

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:9

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

Breast-ovarian cancer, familial, susceptibility to, 4

Pathogenic:4

Oct 26, 2023

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change affects a donor splice site in intron 6 of the RAD51D gene. It is expected to disrupt RNA splicing. Variants that disrupt the donor or acceptor splice site typically lead to a loss of protein function (PMID: 16199547), and loss-of-function variants in RAD51D are known to be pathogenic (PMID: 21822267). This variant is present in population databases (rs781161543, gnomAD 0.004%). Disruption of this splice site has been observed in individual(s) with endometrioid ovarian cancer (PMID: 22652533, 26261251). It is commonly reported in individuals of Finnish ancestry (PMID: 22652533, 26261251). In a small case-control study involving approximately 2000 cases and controls from Finland, this variant was shown to confer an increased risk for ovarian cancer in individuals with a personal or family history (OR 9.16, 95% CI 1.07 -78.56, p=0.024), with the highest risk in breast-ovarian cancer families (OR 37.82, 95% CI 3.90-366.91, p=0.0016) (PMID: 22652533). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 371839). Studies have shown that disruption of this splice site is associated with inconclusive levels of altered splicing (Invitae). For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. -

Jun 09, 2016

Counsyl

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Apr 06, 2023

Myriad Genetics, Inc.

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is considered likely pathogenic. This variant occurs within a consensus splice junction and is predicted to result in abnormal mRNA splicing of either an out-of-frame exon or an in-frame exon necessary for protein stability and/or normal function. -

Jun 05, 2024

Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not provided

Pathogenic:3

Joint Genome Diagnostic Labs from Nijmegen and Maastricht, Radboudumc and MUMC+

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Diagnostic Laboratory, Department of Genetics, University Medical Center Groningen

Significance: Pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Apr 25, 2024

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The RAD51D c.576+1G>A variant disrupts a canonical splice-donor site and is predicted to result in the in-frame skipping of exon 6, which removes approximately 10% of the RAD51D protein and is expected to have an impact on protein function. In the published literature, this variant has been reported in multiple individuals with a personal or family history of breast/ovarian cancer (PMIDs: 32107557 (2020), 30927251 (2019), 29053726 (2017), 26261251 (2015)), and has been characterized as a founder mutation in the Finnish population (PMID: 22652533 (2012)). The frequency of this variant in the general population, 0.0000071 (2/280242 chromosomes (Genome Aggregation Database, http://gnomad.broadinstitute.org)), is consistent with pathogenicity. Based on the available information, this variant is classified as likely pathogenic. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Pathogenic:1

Dec 29, 2023

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The c.576+1G>A intronic variant results from a G to A substitution one nucleotide after coding exon 6 of the RAD51D gene. This variant has been reported in multiple individuals with personal history of breast and/or ovarian cancer, including male breast cancer (Pelttari LM et al. J. Med. Genet., 2012 Jul;49:429-32; Song H et al. J. Clin. Oncol., 2015 Sep;33:2901-7; Hallamies S et al. BMC Cancer, 2017 Sep;17:620; Nurmi A et al. Int. J. Cancer, 2019 Nov;145:2692-2700; Yang X et al. J Natl Cancer Inst, 2020 12;112:1242-1250). Haplotype analysis suggests this variant may be a Finnish founder mutation (Pelttari LM et al. J. Med. Genet., 2012 Jul;49:429-32). This nucleotide position is highly conserved in available vertebrate species. In silico splice site analysis predicts that this alteration will weaken the native splice donor site and may result in the creation or strengthening of a novel splice donor site; however, direct evidence is insufficient at this time (Ambry internal data). Alterations that disrupt the canonical splice site are expected to cause aberrant splicing, resulting in an abnormal protein or a transcript that is subject to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. As such, this alteration is classified as likely pathogenic. -

Ovarian neoplasm

Pathogenic:1

Dec 01, 2018

German Consortium for Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer, University Hospital Cologne

Significance: Likely pathogenic

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: research

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.60

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.37

CADD

Pathogenic

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

Eigen

Pathogenic

1.1

Eigen_PC

Pathogenic

0.93

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.96

GERP RS

5.0

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

2.7

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

dbscSNV1_ADA

Pathogenic

1.0

dbscSNV1_RF

Pathogenic

0.93

SpliceAI score (max)

1.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

DS_DG_spliceai

0.34

Position offset: -44

DS_DL_spliceai

1.0

Position offset: 1

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over