19-12892125-G-T
Variant summary
Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points: 16P and 0B. PM2PM5PP3_StrongPP5_Very_Strong
The NM_000159.4(GCDH):c.281G>T(p.Arg94Leu) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00000558 in 1,614,028 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. R94Q) has been classified as Pathogenic.
Frequency
Consequence
NM_000159.4 missense
Scores
Clinical Significance
Conservation
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ACMG classification
Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 16 ACMG points.
Transcripts
RefSeq
Gene | Transcript | HGVSc | HGVSp | Effect | Exon rank | MANE | Protein | UniProt |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GCDH | NM_000159.4 | c.281G>T | p.Arg94Leu | missense_variant | Exon 5 of 12 | ENST00000222214.10 | NP_000150.1 | |
GCDH | NM_013976.5 | c.281G>T | p.Arg94Leu | missense_variant | Exon 5 of 12 | NP_039663.1 | ||
GCDH | NR_102317.1 | n.697G>T | non_coding_transcript_exon_variant | Exon 4 of 11 | ||||
GCDH | NR_102316.1 | n.379+151G>T | intron_variant | Intron 4 of 11 |
Ensembl
Frequencies
GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.0000131 AC: 2AN: 152158Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32
GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.00000398 AC: 1AN: 251464Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.00000736 AC XY: 1AN XY: 135912
GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.00000479 AC: 7AN: 1461870Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00000275 AC XY: 2AN XY: 727240
GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.0000131 AC: 2AN: 152158Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.00 AC XY: 0AN XY: 74324
ClinVar
Submissions by phenotype
Glutaric aciduria, type 1 Pathogenic:5
Likely pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided | clinical testing | Natera, Inc. | Aug 21, 2020 | - - |
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp | Jan 18, 2024 | This sequence change replaces arginine, which is basic and polar, with leucine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 94 of the GCDH protein (p.Arg94Leu). This variant is present in population databases (no rsID available, gnomAD 0.0009%). This missense change has been observed in individual(s) with glutaric acidemia type I (PMID: 9600243; Invitae). ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 529446). Advanced modeling of protein sequence and biophysical properties (such as structural, functional, and spatial information, amino acid conservation, physicochemical variation, residue mobility, and thermodynamic stability) performed at Invitae indicates that this missense variant is not expected to disrupt GCDH protein function with a negative predictive value of 80%. Experimental studies have shown that this missense change affects GCDH function (PMID: 28062662). This variant disrupts the p.Arg94 amino acid residue in GCDH. Other variant(s) that disrupt this residue have been determined to be pathogenic (PMID: 25762492; Invitae). This suggests that this residue is clinically significant, and that variants that disrupt this residue are likely to be disease-causing. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Pathogenic. - |
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Fulgent Genetics, Fulgent Genetics | Oct 31, 2018 | - - |
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Baylor Genetics | Mar 27, 2024 | - - |
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter | clinical testing | Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp | Dec 21, 2023 | Variant summary: GCDH c.281G>T (p.Arg94Leu) results in a non-conservative amino acid change located in the Acyl-CoA oxidase/dehydrogenase, central domain (IPR006091) of the encoded protein sequence. Three of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 4.1e-06 in 246258 control chromosomes (gnomAD). The variant, c.281G>T, has been reported in the literature in a compound heterozygote individual affected with Glutaric Acidemia Type 1, who had a severely decreased GCDH activity (<0.5% of WT) in cultured fibroblasts (Schwartz 1998). At least one other publication reported experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function, demonstrating altered conformation and strongly increased degradation compared to the wild-type (Schmiesing 2017). The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 28062662, 37020324, 9600243). Three clinical diagnostic laboratory has submitted clinical-significance assessments for this variant to ClinVar after 2014 without evidence for independent evaluation (Likely pathogenic, n=2; Pathogenic, n=1). Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as likely pathogenic. - |
Computational scores
Source:
Splicing
Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at