19-14100836-C-T

Position:

• chr19-14100836-C-T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points: 12P and 0B. PM2 PP2 PP3 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_002730.4(PRKACA):​c.409G>A​(p.Gly137Arg) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Likely pathogenic (★★).

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: PRKACA NM_002730.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:4
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.83

Genes affected

PRKACA (HGNC:9380): (protein kinase cAMP-activated catalytic subunit alpha) This gene encodes one of the catalytic subunits of protein kinase A, which exists as a tetrameric holoenzyme with two regulatory subunits and two catalytic subunits, in its inactive form. cAMP causes the dissociation of the inactive holoenzyme into a dimer of regulatory subunits bound to four cAMP and two free monomeric catalytic subunits. Four different regulatory subunits and three catalytic subunits have been identified in humans. cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of proteins by protein kinase A is important to many cellular processes, including differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Constitutive activation of this gene caused either by somatic mutations, or genomic duplications of regions that include this gene, have been associated with hyperplasias and adenomas of the adrenal cortex and are linked to corticotropin-independent Cushing's syndrome. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms. Tissue-specific isoforms that differ at the N-terminus have been described, and these isoforms may differ in the post-translational modifications that occur at the N-terminus of some isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2015]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 12 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PP2: Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), PRKACA. . Gene score misZ 2.9714 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 3.8384 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with cardioacrofacial dysplasia 1, pigmented nodular adrenocortical disease, primary, 4.
• PP3: MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.763
• PP5: Variant 19-14100836-C-T is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr19-14100836-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 989460.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr19-14100836-C-T is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
PRKACA	NM_002730.4	c.409G>A	p.Gly137Arg	missense_variant	5/10	ENST00000308677.9	NP_002721.1
PRKACA	NM_001304349.2	c.637G>A	p.Gly213Arg	missense_variant	5/10		NP_001291278.1
PRKACA	NM_207518.3	c.385G>A	p.Gly129Arg	missense_variant	5/10		NP_997401.1

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
PRKACA	ENST00000308677.9	c.409G>A	p.Gly137Arg	missense_variant	5/10	1	NM_002730.4	ENSP00000309591	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ESP6500AA AF: 0.00 AC: 0

ESP6500EA AF: 0.000116 AC: 1

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic/Likely pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:4

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Cardioacrofacial dysplasia 1 Pathogenic:3

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided	literature only	OMIM	Dec 28, 2020	- -
Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	3billion	Mar 22, 2022	The variant has been previously reported as de novo in a similarly affected individual (PMID: 33058759). Functional studies provide strong evidence of the variant having a damaging effect on the gene or gene product (PMID: 33058759). A missense variant is a common mechanism. It is not observed in the gnomAD v2.1.1 dataset. Therefore, this variant is classified as pathogenic according to the recommendation of ACMG/AMP guideline. -
Likely pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India	May 09, 2022	- -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

Jul 08, 2022

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 33058759, 33875766) -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.94
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.056	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.16
CADD	Pathogenic	32
DANN	Uncertain	0.99
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.43	T;.;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.45
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.42
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.99	D
LIST_S2	Uncertain	0.97	D;D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.062	D
MetaRNN	Pathogenic	0.76	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.2	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.81	L;.;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D;D
PrimateAI	Pathogenic	0.93	D
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-4.9	D;.;.
REVEL	Uncertain	0.33
Sift	Benign	0.072	T;.;.
Sift4G	Benign	0.39	T;T;T
Polyphen		0.92	P;D;P
Vest4		0.84
MutPred		0.68		Gain of MoRF binding (P = 0.0264);.;.;
MVP		0.71
MPC		1.3
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		4.9
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.0
Varity_R		0.49
gMVP		0.75

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs148280386; hg19: chr19-14211648;