19-50398946-C-T

Variant names:

• chr19-50398946-C-T
• rs959521780
• NM_002691.4:c.95C>T

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 1 ACMG points: 2P and 1B. PM2 BP4

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):​c.95C>T​(p.Ser32Phe) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a non-conserved nucleotide. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000000696 in 1,437,806 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, with no homozygous occurrence. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. S32Y) has been classified as Uncertain significance.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 7.0e-7 (0 hom.)
• Consequence: POLD1 NM_002691.4 missense
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts U:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 2.86
• Publications: 0 publications found

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

POLD1 Gene-Disease associations (from GenCC):

• POLD1-related polyposis and colorectal cancer syndrome

  Inheritance: AD Classification: DEFINITIVE Submitted by: ClinGen
• colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10

  Inheritance: AD Classification: STRONG, MODERATE Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Ambry Genetics, Genomics England PanelApp
• mandibular hypoplasia-deafness-progeroid syndrome

  Inheritance: AD, AR Classification: STRONG, SUPPORTIVE, LIMITED Submitted by: Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), PanelApp Australia, Genomics England PanelApp, Ambry Genetics, Orphanet, G2P
• Polymerase proofreading-related adenomatous polyposis

  Inheritance: AD Classification: SUPPORTIVE Submitted by: Orphanet
• immunodeficiency 120

  Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: Ambry Genetics
• non-severe combined immunodeficiency due to polymerase delta deficiency

  Inheritance: AR Classification: LIMITED Submitted by: ClinGen

ACMG classification

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 1 ACMG points.

• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• BP4: Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.31267387).

Variant Effect in Transcripts

ACMG analysis was done for transcript: NM_002691.4. You can select a different transcript below to see updated ACMG assignments.

RefSeq Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	POLD1	NM_002691.4	MANE Select	c.95C>T	p.Ser32Phe	missense	Exon 2 of 27	NP_002682.2
	POLD1	NM_001308632.1		c.95C>T	p.Ser32Phe	missense	Exon 1 of 26	NP_001295561.1
	POLD1	NM_001256849.1		c.95C>T	p.Ser32Phe	missense	Exon 2 of 27	NP_001243778.1

Ensembl Transcripts

Selected	Gene	Transcript	Tags	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon Rank	Protein	UniProt
	POLD1	ENST00000440232.7	TSL:1 MANE Select	c.95C>T	p.Ser32Phe	missense	Exon 2 of 27	ENSP00000406046.1
	POLD1	ENST00000595904.6	TSL:1	c.95C>T	p.Ser32Phe	missense	Exon 2 of 27	ENSP00000472445.1
	POLD1	ENST00000599857.7	TSL:1	c.95C>T	p.Ser32Phe	missense	Exon 2 of 27	ENSP00000473052.1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome AF: 6.96e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1437806 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 33 AF XY: 0.00000140 AC XY: 1 AN XY: 712784

African (AFR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 33210

American (AMR) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 40528

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 25522

East Asian (EAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 38988

South Asian (SAS) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 82540

European-Finnish (FIN) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 51818

Middle Eastern (MID) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 4428

European-Non Finnish (NFE) AF: 9.08e-7 AC: 1 AN: 1101330

Other (OTH) AF: 0.00 AC: 0 AN: 59442

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Uncertain:1

Jun 21, 2021

GeneDx

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (Lek et al., 2016); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant does not alter protein structure/function; Has not been previously published as pathogenic or benign to our knowledge; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 27535533)

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10 Uncertain:1

Mar 14, 2024

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This sequence change replaces serine, which is neutral and polar, with phenylalanine, which is neutral and non-polar, at codon 32 of the POLD1 protein (p.Ser32Phe). This variant is not present in population databases (gnomAD no frequency). This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with POLD1-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 576588). An algorithm developed to predict the effect of missense changes on protein structure and function (PolyPhen-2) suggests that this variant is likely to be disruptive. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance.

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome Uncertain:1

Jun 02, 2025

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.S32F variant (also known as c.95C>T), located in coding exon 1 of the POLD1 gene, results from a C to T substitution at nucleotide position 95. The serine at codon 32 is replaced by phenylalanine, an amino acid with highly dissimilar properties. This amino acid position is conserved. In addition, this alteration is predicted to be tolerated by in silico analysis. Since supporting evidence is limited at this time, the clinical significance of this alteration remains unclear.

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.9

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Uncertain	0.37
BayesDel_addAF	Benign	-0.13	T
BayesDel_noAF	Benign	-0.42
CADD	Pathogenic	26
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.43	T
Eigen	Uncertain	0.31
Eigen_PC	Benign	0.18
FATHMM_MKL	Uncertain	0.92	D
LIST_S2	Benign	0.82	T
M_CAP	Benign	0.038	D
MetaRNN	Benign	0.31	T
MetaSVM	Benign	-1.1	T
MutationAssessor	Benign	0.69	N
PhyloP100		2.9
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.65	T
PROVEAN	Benign	-2.1	N
REVEL	Benign	0.14
Sift	Benign	0.034	D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.037	D
Polyphen		0.99	D
Vest4		0.55
MutPred		0.24		Loss of phosphorylation at S32 (P = 0.0034)
MVP		0.66
MPC		0.77
ClinPred		0.72	D
GERP RS		3.3
PromoterAI		0.024	Neutral
RBP_binding_hub_radar		0.0
RBP_regulation_power_radar		1.2
Varity_R		0.11
gMVP		0.61
Mutation Taster		=67/33	polymorphism

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.19		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs959521780; hg19: chr19-50902203;