19-50409564-G-C

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. Variant got -7 ACMG points: 0P and 7B. BP4_ModerateBP6BS2

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):c.2052G>C(p.Gln684His) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000678 in 1,613,510 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 1 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00043 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00070 ( 1 hom. )

Consequence

POLD1
NM_002691.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:12B:10

Conservation

PhyloP100: 4.16

Variant links:

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

POLD1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Benign. Variant got -7 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.10002822).

BP6

Variant 19-50409564-G-C is Benign according to our data. Variant chr19-50409564-G-C is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 239269.We mark this variant Likely_benign, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_benign=6, Benign=2, Uncertain_significance=7}. Variant chr19-50409564-G-C is described in Lovd as [Likely_benign].

BS2

High AC in GnomAd4 at 65 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
POLD1	NM_002691.4 link	c.2052G>C	p.Gln684His	missense_variant	Exon 17 of 27	ENST00000440232.7	NP_002682.2	P28340A0A024R4F4Q59FA0

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
POLD1	ENST00000440232.7 link	c.2052G>C	p.Gln684His	missense_variant	Exon 17 of 27	1	NM_002691.4	ENSP00000406046.1		P28340

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000427

AC:

AN:

152270

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000169

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.000262

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.000565

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000705

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.000440

AC:

110

AN:

249976

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.000428

AC XY:

AN XY:

135428

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000347

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.000398

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.000832

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000657

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000328

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000704

AC:

1029

AN:

1461122

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000658

AC XY:

478

AN XY:

726898

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.000179

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.000470

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.000574

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.000626

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.000824

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000629

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000427

AC:

AN:

152388

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000510

AC XY:

AN XY:

74524

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.000168

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.000261

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.000565

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.000705

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.000603

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000457

TwinsUK

AF:

0.00135

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.00130

AC:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000814

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000453

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.000436

EpiControl

AF:

0.000652

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:12Benign:10

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:2Benign:6

Feb 19, 2020

Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Nov 03, 2022

Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The p.Gln684His variant in POLD1 has not been previously reported in individuals with colorectal cancer but has been identified in 49/65572 of European chromosomes by the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC, http://exac.broadinstitute.org; dbSNP rs144143245). Computational prediction tools and conservation analysis do not provide strong support for or against an impact to the protein. In summary, the clinical significance of the p.Gln684His variant is uncertain. -

Nov 03, 2021

Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital TU Dresden, University Hospital TU Dresden

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

The POLD1 p.Gln684His variant was identified in 1 of 2092 proband chromosomes (frequency: 0.0005) from individuals or families with colon cancer (Raskin 2017). The variant was also identified in dbSNP (ID: rs144143245) as "With other allele", ClinVar (classified as likely benign by Invitae, GeneDx; as uncertain significance by Ambry Genetics and six clinical laboratories), MutDB, and in LOVD 3.0 (1x). The variant was not identified in Cosmic database. The variant was identified in control databases in 120 of 276056 chromosomes at a frequency of 0.0004 increasing the likelihood this could be a low frequency benign variant (Genome Aggregation Database Feb 27, 2017). The variant was observed in the following populations: African in 2 of 23958 chromosomes (freq: 0.00008), Other in 1 of 6448 chromosomes (freq: 0.0002), Latino in 11 of 34410 chromosomes (freq: 0.0003), European in 79 of 125698 chromosomes (freq: 0.0006), Ashkenazi Jewish in 4 of 10132 chromosomes (freq: 0.0004), Finnish in 23 of 25792 chromosomes (freq: 0.0009); it was not observed in the East Asian and South Asian populations. The p.Gln684 residue is conserved in mammals and computational analyses (PolyPhen-2, SIFT, AlignGVGD, BLOSUM, MutationTaster) provide inconsistent predictions regarding the impact to the protein; this information is not very predictive of pathogenicity. The variant occurs outside of the splicing consensus sequence and 2 of 4 in silico or computational prediction software programs (SpliceSiteFinder, MaxEntScan, NNSPLICE, GeneSplicer) predict a greater than 10% difference in splicing; this is not very predictive of pathogenicity. In summary, based on the above information the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined with certainty at this time. This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance. -

Apr 28, 2021

GeneDx

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 28608266, 29212164, 26648538, 29987844, 31285513, 31449058, 32041611) -

Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jan 01, 2025

CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

POLD1: BS1 -

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10

Uncertain:5Benign:1

Feb 04, 2025

Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Jun 01, 2018

Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clínico San Carlos

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Apr 06, 2022

MGZ Medical Genetics Center

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Sep 22, 2023

St. Jude Molecular Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The POLD1 c.2052G>C (p.Gln684His) missense change has a maximum subpopulation frequency of 0.088% in gnomAD v2.1.1 (https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/). The in silico tool REVEL predicts a benign effect on protein function, but to our knowledge this prediction has not been confirmed by functional studies. This variant has been reported in individuals with colon cancer and/or colon polyposis (PMID: 29987844, 31285513, 29212164). In summary, the evidence currently available is insufficient to determine the clinical significance of this variant. It has therefore been classified as of uncertain significance. -

Jan 27, 2016

Knight Diagnostic Laboratories, Oregon Health and Sciences University

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Feb 13, 2018

Counsyl

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2Benign:2

Jan 27, 2025

Institute for Biomarker Research, Medical Diagnostic Laboratories, L.L.C.

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

The missense variant NM_001308632.1(POLD1):c.2130G>C (p.Gln710His) has not been reported previously as a pathogenic variant nor There is a small physicochemical difference between glutamine and histidine, which is not likely to impact secondary protein structure as these residues share similar properties. For these reasons, this variant has been classified as Benign. -

Apr 08, 2021

Sema4, Sema4

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: curation

- -

Feb 28, 2024

Ambry Genetics

Significance: Benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -

Apr 27, 2018

True Health Diagnostics

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

not specified

Uncertain:2

Oct 10, 2017

Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Mar 04, 2025

Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

POLD1-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Jun 25, 2024

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Significance: Uncertain significance

Review Status: no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method: clinical testing

The POLD1 c.2052G>C variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Gln684His. This variant has been reported in multiple individuals in the literature, such as: an individual with microsatellite stable colorectal cancer (Raskin et al. 2017. PubMed ID: 29212164), an individual with clinically suspected Lynch syndrome and loss of MSH2 in tumor tissue (the individual harbored additional variants; Kayser et al. 2018. PubMed ID: 29987844, Table S6, Patient 25), an individual with breast cancer (the individual harbored additional variants; Dominguez-Valentin et al. 2018. PubMed ID: 28608266, Table 2), an individual with attenuated adenomatous polyposis (Lorca et al. 2019. PubMed ID: 31285513, Table 2), and an individual with multiple primary cancer, who also carried several variants in other genes (Sylvester. 2021. PubMed ID: 34687117, patient MO111041 in Table S4 and Table S5). This variant is reported in 0.088% of alleles in individuals of European (Finnish) descent in gnomAD and has conflicting interpretations of likely benign and uncertain significance in ClinVar (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/239269/). At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Hereditary cancer

Benign:1

Jan 23, 2024

Mendelics

Significance: Likely benign

Review Status: criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method: clinical testing

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.47

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.37

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.35

CADD

Uncertain

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.25

T;.;.;T

Eigen

Uncertain

0.39

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.33

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.90

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

.;.;D;D

M_CAP

Benign

0.030

MetaRNN

Benign

0.10

T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-1.1

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.5

M;.;.;M

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.70

PROVEAN

Benign

-2.3

N;.;.;.

REVEL

Benign

0.19

Sift

Uncertain

0.028

D;.;.;.

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.033

D;D;D;D

Polyphen

0.73

P;.;.;P

Vest4

0.33

MutPred

0.47

Loss of stability (P = 0.0526);.;.;Loss of stability (P = 0.0526);

MVP

0.55

MPC

1.5

ClinPred

0.35

GERP RS

2.2

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.8

Varity_R

0.22

gMVP

0.51

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over