rs144143245

Positions:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Benign. Variant got -7 ACMG points: 0P and 7B. BP4_ModerateBP6BS2

The NM_002691.4(POLD1):c.2052G>C(p.Gln684His) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000678 in 1,613,510 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 1 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a benign outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity (no stars).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00043 ( 0 hom., cov: 32)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00070 ( 1 hom. )

Consequence

POLD1
NM_002691.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity criteria provided, conflicting classifications U:12B:9

Conservation

PhyloP100: 4.16

Variant links:

Genes affected

POLD1 (HGNC:9175): (DNA polymerase delta 1, catalytic subunit) This gene encodes the 125-kDa catalytic subunit of DNA polymerase delta. DNA polymerase delta possesses both polymerase and 3' to 5' exonuclease activity and plays a critical role in DNA replication and repair. Alternatively spliced transcript variants have been observed for this gene, and a pseudogene of this gene is located on the long arm of chromosome 6. [provided by RefSeq, Mar 2012]

POLD1 links:

POLD1 (HGNC:):

POLD1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification made for transcript

Verdict is Benign. Variant got -7 ACMG points.

BP4

Computational evidence support a benign effect (MetaRNN=0.10002822).

BP6

Variant 19-50409564-G-C is Benign according to our data. Variant chr19-50409564-G-C is described in ClinVar as [Conflicting_classifications_of_pathogenicity]. Clinvar id is 239269.We mark this variant Likely_benign, oryginal submissions are: {Likely_benign=6, Uncertain_significance=7, Benign=1}. Variant chr19-50409564-G-C is described in Lovd as [Likely_benign].

BS2

High AC in GnomAd4 at 65 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	Protein	UniProt
POLD1	NM_002691.4 linkuse as main transcript	c.2052G>C	p.Gln684His	missense_variant	17/27	ENST00000440232.7	NP_002682.2	P28340A0A024R4F4Q59FA0

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
POLD1	ENST00000440232.7 linkuse as main transcript	c.2052G>C	p.Gln684His	missense_variant	17/27	1	NM_002691.4	ENSP00000406046.1		P28340

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000427

AC:

AN:

152270

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000169

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.000262

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.000565

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000705

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD3 exomes

AF:

0.000440

AC:

110

AN:

249976

Hom.:

AF XY:

0.000428

AC XY:

AN XY:

135428

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.000347

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.000398

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.000832

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000657

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000328

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000704

AC:

1029

AN:

1461122

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000658

AC XY:

478

AN XY:

726898

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR exome

AF:

0.000179

Gnomad4 AMR exome

AF:

0.000470

Gnomad4 ASJ exome

AF:

0.000574

Gnomad4 EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN exome

AF:

0.000626

Gnomad4 NFE exome

AF:

0.000824

Gnomad4 OTH exome

AF:

0.000629

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000427

AC:

AN:

152388

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000510

AC XY:

AN XY:

74524

show subpopulations

Gnomad4 AFR

AF:

0.000168

Gnomad4 AMR

AF:

0.000261

Gnomad4 ASJ

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad4 FIN

AF:

0.000565

Gnomad4 NFE

AF:

0.000705

Gnomad4 OTH

AF:

0.00

Alfa

AF:

0.000603

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000457

TwinsUK

AF:

0.00135

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.00130

AC:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000814

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000453

AC:

EpiCase

AF:

0.000436

EpiControl

AF:

0.000652

ClinVar

Significance: Conflicting classifications of pathogenicity

Submissions summary: Uncertain:12Benign:9

Revision: criteria provided, conflicting classifications

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:2Benign:6

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Mass General Brigham Personalized Medicine	Nov 03, 2022	The p.Gln684His variant in POLD1 has not been previously reported in individuals with colorectal cancer but has been identified in 49/65572 of European chromosomes by the Exome Aggregation Consortium (ExAC, http://exac.broadinstitute.org; dbSNP rs144143245). Computational prediction tools and conservation analysis do not provide strong support for or against an impact to the protein. In summary, the clinical significance of the p.Gln684His variant is uncertain. -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	GeneDx	Apr 28, 2021	This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 28608266, 29212164, 26648538, 29987844, 31285513, 31449058, 32041611) -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Institute for Clinical Genetics, University Hospital TU Dresden, University Hospital TU Dresden	Nov 03, 2021	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Quest Diagnostics Nichols Institute San Juan Capistrano	Feb 19, 2020	- -
Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Sinai Health System	-	The POLD1 p.Gln684His variant was identified in 1 of 2092 proband chromosomes (frequency: 0.0005) from individuals or families with colon cancer (Raskin 2017). The variant was also identified in dbSNP (ID: rs144143245) as "With other allele", ClinVar (classified as likely benign by Invitae, GeneDx; as uncertain significance by Ambry Genetics and six clinical laboratories), MutDB, and in LOVD 3.0 (1x). The variant was not identified in Cosmic database. The variant was identified in control databases in 120 of 276056 chromosomes at a frequency of 0.0004 increasing the likelihood this could be a low frequency benign variant (Genome Aggregation Database Feb 27, 2017). The variant was observed in the following populations: African in 2 of 23958 chromosomes (freq: 0.00008), Other in 1 of 6448 chromosomes (freq: 0.0002), Latino in 11 of 34410 chromosomes (freq: 0.0003), European in 79 of 125698 chromosomes (freq: 0.0006), Ashkenazi Jewish in 4 of 10132 chromosomes (freq: 0.0004), Finnish in 23 of 25792 chromosomes (freq: 0.0009); it was not observed in the East Asian and South Asian populations. The p.Gln684 residue is conserved in mammals and computational analyses (PolyPhen-2, SIFT, AlignGVGD, BLOSUM, MutationTaster) provide inconsistent predictions regarding the impact to the protein; this information is not very predictive of pathogenicity. The variant occurs outside of the splicing consensus sequence and 2 of 4 in silico or computational prediction software programs (SpliceSiteFinder, MaxEntScan, NNSPLICE, GeneSplicer) predict a greater than 10% difference in splicing; this is not very predictive of pathogenicity. In summary, based on the above information the clinical significance of this variant cannot be determined with certainty at this time. This variant is classified as a variant of uncertain significance. -
Likely benign, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Genome Diagnostics Laboratory, Amsterdam University Medical Center	-	- -
Likely benign, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Clinical Genetics, Academic Medical Center	-	- -
Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	CeGaT Center for Human Genetics Tuebingen	Aug 01, 2022	POLD1: BS2 -

Colorectal cancer, susceptibility to, 10

Uncertain:5Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Labcorp Genetics (formerly Invitae), Labcorp	Jan 31, 2024	- -
Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Hospital Clínico San Carlos	Jun 01, 2018	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Counsyl	Feb 13, 2018	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	MGZ Medical Genetics Center	Apr 06, 2022	- -
Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	Knight Diagnostic Laboratories, Oregon Health and Sciences University	Jan 27, 2016	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	St. Jude Molecular Pathology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital	Sep 22, 2023	The POLD1 c.2052G>C (p.Gln684His) missense change has a maximum subpopulation frequency of 0.088% in gnomAD v2.1.1 (https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/). The in silico tool REVEL predicts a benign effect on protein function, but to our knowledge this prediction has not been confirmed by functional studies. This variant has been reported in individuals with colon cancer and/or colon polyposis (PMID: 29987844, 31285513, 29212164). In summary, the evidence currently available is insufficient to determine the clinical significance of this variant. It has therefore been classified as of uncertain significance. -

Hereditary cancer-predisposing syndrome

Uncertain:2Benign:1

Benign, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Ambry Genetics	Feb 28, 2024	This alteration is classified as benign based on a combination of the following: seen in unaffected individuals, population frequency, intact protein function, lack of segregation with disease, co-occurrence, RNA analysis, in silico models, amino acid conservation, lack of disease association in case-control studies, and/or the mechanism of disease or impacted region is inconsistent with a known cause of pathogenicity. -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	curation	Sema4, Sema4	Apr 08, 2021	- -
Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided	clinical testing	True Health Diagnostics	Apr 27, 2018	- -

not specified

Uncertain:2

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Center for Genomic Medicine, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen University Hospital	Jul 31, 2024	- -
Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter	clinical testing	Genetic Services Laboratory, University of Chicago	Oct 10, 2017	- -

POLD1-related disorder

Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, no assertion criteria provided

clinical testing

PreventionGenetics, part of Exact Sciences

Jun 25, 2024

The POLD1 c.2052G>C variant is predicted to result in the amino acid substitution p.Gln684His. This variant has been reported in multiple individuals in the literature, such as: an individual with microsatellite stable colorectal cancer (Raskin et al. 2017. PubMed ID: 29212164), an individual with clinically suspected Lynch syndrome and loss of MSH2 in tumor tissue (the individual harbored additional variants; Kayser et al. 2018. PubMed ID: 29987844, Table S6, Patient 25), an individual with breast cancer (the individual harbored additional variants; Dominguez-Valentin et al. 2018. PubMed ID: 28608266, Table 2), an individual with attenuated adenomatous polyposis (Lorca et al. 2019. PubMed ID: 31285513, Table 2), and an individual with multiple primary cancer, who also carried several variants in other genes (Sylvester. 2021. PubMed ID: 34687117, patient MO111041 in Table S4 and Table S5). This variant is reported in 0.088% of alleles in individuals of European (Finnish) descent in gnomAD and has conflicting interpretations of likely benign and uncertain significance in ClinVar (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/239269/). At this time, the clinical significance of this variant is uncertain due to the absence of conclusive functional and genetic evidence. -

Hereditary cancer

Benign:1

Likely benign, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Mendelics

Jan 23, 2024

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Uncertain

0.47

BayesDel_addAF

Benign

-0.37

BayesDel_noAF

Benign

-0.35

CADD

Uncertain

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Benign

0.25

T;.;.;T

Eigen

Uncertain

0.39

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.33

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.90

LIST_S2

Pathogenic

0.99

.;.;D;D

M_CAP

Benign

0.030

MetaRNN

Benign

0.10

T;T;T;T

MetaSVM

Benign

-1.1

MutationAssessor

Uncertain

2.5

M;.;.;M

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.70

PROVEAN

Benign

-2.3

N;.;.;.

REVEL

Benign

0.19

Sift

Uncertain

0.028

D;.;.;.

Sift4G

Uncertain

0.033

D;D;D;D

Polyphen

0.73

P;.;.;P

Vest4

0.33

MutPred

0.47

Loss of stability (P = 0.0526);.;.;Loss of stability (P = 0.0526);

MVP

0.55

MPC

1.5

ClinPred

0.35

GERP RS

2.2

RBP_binding_hub_radar

0.0

RBP_regulation_power_radar

1.8

Varity_R

0.22

gMVP

0.51

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Below is the list of publications found by LitVar. It may be empty.

Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over