2-38075234-G-A

Variant names:

Variant summary

Our verdict is Uncertain significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points: 3P and 0B. PP2PP3_Moderate

The NM_000104.4(CYP1B1):c.155C>T(p.Pro52Leu) variant causes a missense change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.000286 in 1,589,128 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 1 homozygotes. In-silico tool predicts a pathogenic outcome for this variant. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★★).

Frequency

Genomes: 𝑓 0.00028 ( 0 hom., cov: 34)

Exomes 𝑓: 0.00029 ( 1 hom. )

Consequence

CYP1B1
NM_000104.4 missense

Scores

Clinical Significance

Uncertain significance criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:1U:5

Conservation

PhyloP100: 5.53

Publications

12 publications found

Variant links:

Genes affected

CYP1B1 (HGNC:2597): (cytochrome P450 family 1 subfamily B member 1) This gene encodes a member of the cytochrome P450 superfamily of enzymes. The cytochrome P450 proteins are monooxygenases which catalyze many reactions involved in drug metabolism and synthesis of cholesterol, steroids and other lipids. The enzyme encoded by this gene localizes to the endoplasmic reticulum and metabolizes procarcinogens such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and 17beta-estradiol. Mutations in this gene have been associated with primary congenital glaucoma; therefore it is thought that the enzyme also metabolizes a signaling molecule involved in eye development, possibly a steroid. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

CYP1B1 links:

CYP1B1-AS1 (HGNC:28543): (CYP1B1 antisense RNA 1)

CYP1B1-AS1 links:

Genome browser will be placed here

ACMG classification

Classification was made for transcript

Our verdict: Uncertain_significance. The variant received 3 ACMG points.

PP2

Missense variant in the gene, where a lot of missense mutations are associated with disease in ClinVar. The gene has 35 curated pathogenic missense variants (we use a threshold of 10). The gene has 9 curated benign missense variants. Trascript score misZ: -2.0997 (below the threshold of 3.09). GenCC associations: The gene is linked to Peters anomaly, anterior segment dysgenesis 6, glaucoma 3A, CYP1B1-related glaucoma with or without anterior segment dysgenesis, congenital glaucoma.

PP3

MetaRNN computational evidence supports a deleterious effect, 0.849

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	MANE	Protein	UniProt
CYP1B1	NM_000104.4 link	c.155C>T	p.Pro52Leu	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 3	ENST00000610745.5	NP_000095.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	Exon rank	TSL	MANE	Protein	Appris	UniProt
CYP1B1	ENST00000610745.5 link	c.155C>T	p.Pro52Leu	missense_variant	Exon 2 of 3	1	NM_000104.4	ENSP00000478561.1		Q16678

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes

AF:

0.000282

AC:

AN:

152232

Hom.:

Cov.:

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR

AF:

0.000121

Gnomad AMI

AF:

0.00330

Gnomad AMR

AF:

0.000196

Gnomad ASJ

AF:

0.00144

Gnomad EAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad SAS

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN

AF:

0.000282

Gnomad MID

AF:

0.00

Gnomad NFE

AF:

0.000353

Gnomad OTH

AF:

0.00

GnomAD2 exomes

AF:

0.000319

AC:

AN:

210080

AF XY:

0.000313

show subpopulations

Gnomad AFR exome

AF:

0.000154

Gnomad AMR exome

AF:

0.0000966

Gnomad ASJ exome

AF:

0.000864

Gnomad EAS exome

AF:

0.00

Gnomad FIN exome

AF:

0.000484

Gnomad NFE exome

AF:

0.000475

Gnomad OTH exome

AF:

0.000562

GnomAD4 exome

AF:

0.000286

AC:

411

AN:

1436896

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000287

AC XY:

205

AN XY:

713554

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000120

AC:

AN:

33304

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000262

AC:

AN:

41964

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.000739

AC:

AN:

25696

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

39088

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

84254

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.000446

AC:

AN:

42638

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.000201

AC:

AN:

4970

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000296

AC:

327

AN:

1105320

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.000503

AC:

AN:

59662

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.499

Heterozygous variant carriers

113

141

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Exome Het

Variant carriers

100

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

GnomAD4 genome

AF:

0.000282

AC:

AN:

152232

Hom.:

Cov.:

AF XY:

0.000188

AC XY:

AN XY:

74374

show subpopulations

African (AFR)

AF:

0.000121

AC:

AN:

41456

American (AMR)

AF:

0.000196

AC:

AN:

15290

Ashkenazi Jewish (ASJ)

AF:

0.00144

AC:

AN:

3472

East Asian (EAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

5188

South Asian (SAS)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

4838

European-Finnish (FIN)

AF:

0.000282

AC:

AN:

10624

Middle Eastern (MID)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

316

European-Non Finnish (NFE)

AF:

0.000353

AC:

AN:

68046

Other (OTH)

AF:

0.00

AC:

AN:

2092

Allele Balance Distribution

Red line indicates average allele balance

Average allele balance: 0.510

Heterozygous variant carriers

0.00

0.20

0.40

0.60

0.80

0.95

Allele balance

Age Distribution

Genome Het

Variant carriers

<30

30-35

35-40

40-45

45-50

50-55

55-60

60-65

65-70

70-75

75-80

>80

Age

Alfa

AF:

0.00134

Hom.:

Bravo

AF:

0.000242

TwinsUK

AF:

0.00

AC:

ALSPAC

AF:

0.000259

AC:

ESP6500AA

AF:

0.00

AC:

ESP6500EA

AF:

0.000235

AC:

ExAC

AF:

0.000276

AC:

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:1Uncertain:5

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

LINK: link

Submissions by phenotype

not provided

Uncertain:2

Mar 09, 2016

Eurofins Ntd Llc (ga)

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

- -

Jun 23, 2025

GeneDx

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Reported in two individuals of Italian ancestry with congenital glaucoma who were compound heterozygous for the P52L variant and another missense variant (PMID: 21815720); Reported as a single heterozygous variant in two unrelated individuals, one with open angle glaucoma presenting at age 6, and the other with primary congenital glaucoma; however, this variant has also been observed in an older adult without visual defects, and in siblings and a parent of the patient with primary congenital glaucoma, leading some authors to suggest that this variant may demonstrate incomplete penetrance or that it may be rare variant unrelated to the phenotype (PMID: 19234632, 16862072, 19643970); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 16862072, 30484747, 19643970, 27243976, 31980526, 36518267, 27270415, 40349919, 17363580, 19234632, 21815720) -

Glaucoma, primary open angle, juvenile-onset

Pathogenic:1

Jan 01, 2010

OMIM

Significance:Pathogenic

Review Status:no assertion criteria provided

Collection Method:literature only

- -

not specified

Uncertain:1

Dec 07, 2023

Women's Health and Genetics/Laboratory Corporation of America, LabCorp

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

Variant summary: CYP1B1 c.155C>T (p.Pro52Leu) results in a non-conservative amino acid change in the encoded protein sequence. Five of five in-silico tools predict a damaging effect of the variant on protein function. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.00032 in 210080 control chromosomes. This frequency is not significantly higher than estimated for a pathogenic variant in CYP1B1 causing Primary Congenital Glaucoma (0.00032 vs 0.0043), allowing no conclusion about variant significance. c.155C>T has been reported in the literature in several individuals affected with Primary Congenital Glaucoma and primary open angle glaucoma (e.g., Campos-Mollo_2009, Pasutto_2010, Giuffre_2011, Svidnicki_2018). However, the variant has also been reported in unaffected individuals, including a homozygous individual with epileptic encephalopathy but no evidence of anterior chamber ocular abnormality or glaucoma (e.g., Palmer_2016, Lopez-Garrido_2006). These reports suggest the variant represents a hypomorphic allele that may display incomplete penetrance, and therefore these reports do not provide unequivocal conclusions about association of the variant with Primary Congenital Glaucoma. Multiple publications also report experimental evidence evaluating an impact on protein function, finding that the variant protein displays drastically reduced enzymatic activity (ranging from ~0% to 40% of wild-type activity) as well as reduced protein stability (e.g., Jeannot_2007, Campos-Mollo_2009, Pasutto_2010, Lopez-Garrido_2010). The following publications have been ascertained in the context of this evaluation (PMID: 19234632, 21815720, 17363580, 19793111, 16862072, 27270415, 19643970, 30484747). Four ClinVar submitters (evaluation after 2014) have classified the variant as uncertain significance. Based on the evidence outlined above, the variant was classified as VUS-possibly pathogenic. -

Irido-corneo-trabecular dysgenesis

Uncertain:1

Apr 27, 2017

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). No publications were found based on this search. Allele frequency data from public databases did not allow this variant to be ruled in or out of causing disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as a variant of unknown significance. -

Glaucoma 3A

Uncertain:1

Apr 27, 2017

Illumina Laboratory Services, Illumina

Significance:Uncertain significance

Review Status:criteria provided, single submitter

Collection Method:clinical testing

This variant was observed as part of a predisposition screen in an ostensibly healthy population. A literature search was performed for the gene, cDNA change, and amino acid change (where applicable). Publications were found based on this search. However, the evidence from the literature, in combination with allele frequency data from public databases where available, was not sufficient to rule this variant in or out of causing disease. Therefore, this variant is classified as a variant of unknown significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

AlphaMissense

Benign

0.33

BayesDel_addAF

Pathogenic

0.20

BayesDel_noAF

Pathogenic

0.37

CADD

Pathogenic

(source)

DANN

Uncertain

1.0

DEOGEN2

Uncertain

0.71

D;D;.

Eigen

Pathogenic

0.74

Eigen_PC

Uncertain

0.56

FATHMM_MKL

Uncertain

0.91

LIST_S2

Uncertain

0.96

.;D;D

M_CAP

Pathogenic

0.98

MetaRNN

Pathogenic

0.85

D;D;D

MetaSVM

Pathogenic

1.1

MutationAssessor

Pathogenic

3.8

H;H;.

PhyloP100

5.5

PrimateAI

Uncertain

0.69

Sift4G

Pathogenic

0.0

D;D;.

Vest4

0.75

MVP

0.65

ClinPred

0.98

GERP RS

4.4

Varity_R

0.44

gMVP

0.87

Mutation Taster

=4/96

disease causing

(source)

Splicing

Name

Calibrated prediction

Score

Prediction

SpliceAI score (max)

0.0

Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

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Variant summary

Frequency

Consequence

Scores

Clinical Significance

Conservation

Publications

ACMG classification

Transcripts

RefSeq

Ensembl

Frequencies

Age Distribution

Age Distribution

ClinVar

Submissions by phenotype

Computational scores

Splicing

Publications

Other links and lift over