21-37512066-T-TCAC

Variant summary

Our verdict is Likely benign. Variant got -5 ACMG points: 0P and 5B. BS1_Supporting BS2

The NM_001347721.2(DYRK1A):c.1815_1817dup(p.His609dup) variant causes a inframe insertion change. The variant allele was found at a frequency of 0.0000211 in 1,613,838 control chromosomes in the GnomAD database, including 1 homozygotes. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Uncertain significance (★). Synonymous variant affecting the same amino acid position (i.e. H600H) has been classified as Likely benign.

• Frequency:
  • Genomes: 𝑓 0.000033 (0 hom., cov: 32)
  • Exomes 𝑓: 0.000020 (1 hom.)
• Consequence: DYRK1A NM_001347721.2 inframe_insertion
• Clinical Significance: Uncertain significance criteria provided, single submitter U:1
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 5.79

Genes affected

DYRK1A (HGNC:3091): (dual specificity tyrosine phosphorylation regulated kinase 1A) This gene encodes a member of the Dual-specificity tyrosine phosphorylation-regulated kinase (DYRK) family. This member contains a nuclear targeting signal sequence, a protein kinase domain, a leucine zipper motif, and a highly conservative 13-consecutive-histidine repeat. It catalyzes its autophosphorylation on serine/threonine and tyrosine residues. It may play a significant role in a signaling pathway regulating cell proliferation and may be involved in brain development. This gene is a homolog of Drosophila mnb (minibrain) gene and rat Dyrk gene. It is localized in the Down syndrome critical region of chromosome 21, and is considered to be a strong candidate gene for learning defects associated with Down syndrome. Alternative splicing of this gene generates several transcript variants differing from each other either in the 5' UTR or in the 3' coding region. These variants encode at least five different isoforms. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Likely_benign. Variant got -5 ACMG points.

• BS1: Variant frequency is greater than expected in population eas. gnomad4_exome allele frequency = 0.0000198 (29/1461758) while in subpopulation EAS AF= 0.0000756 (3/39698). AF 95% confidence interval is 0.00003. There are 1 homozygotes in gnomad4_exome. There are 10 alleles in male gnomad4_exome subpopulation. Median coverage is 32. This position pass quality control queck. Existence of Clinvar submissions makes me limit the strength of this signal to Supporting
• BS2: High AC in GnomAd at 5 AD gene.

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
DYRK1A	NM_001347721.2	c.1815_1817dup	p.His609dup	inframe_insertion	12/12	ENST00000647188.2

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
DYRK1A	ENST00000647188.2	c.1815_1817dup	p.His609dup	inframe_insertion	12/12		NM_001347721.2	P1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes AF: 0.0000329 AC: 5 AN: 151962 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32

Gnomad AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMI AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS AF: 0.000193

Gnomad SAS AF: 0.000208

Gnomad FIN AF: 0.0000944

Gnomad MID AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE AF: 0.0000294

Gnomad OTH AF: 0.00

GnomAD3 exomes AF: 0.0000160 AC: 4 AN: 250312 Hom.: 0 AF XY: 0.0000222 AC XY: 3 AN XY: 135294

Gnomad AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad AMR exome AF: 0.0000581

Gnomad ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad EAS exome AF: 0.000109

Gnomad SAS exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad FIN exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad NFE exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad OTH exome AF: 0.00

GnomAD4 exome AF: 0.0000198 AC: 29 AN: 1461758 Hom.: 1 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.0000138 AC XY: 10 AN XY: 727176

Gnomad4 AFR exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR exome AF: 0.0000447

Gnomad4 ASJ exome AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS exome AF: 0.0000756

Gnomad4 SAS exome AF: 0.0000696

Gnomad4 FIN exome AF: 0.0000187

Gnomad4 NFE exome AF: 0.0000135

Gnomad4 OTH exome AF: 0.0000331

GnomAD4 genome AF: 0.0000329 AC: 5 AN: 152080 Hom.: 0 Cov.: 32 AF XY: 0.0000673 AC XY: 5 AN XY: 74344

Gnomad4 AFR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 AMR AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 ASJ AF: 0.00

Gnomad4 EAS AF: 0.000193

Gnomad4 SAS AF: 0.000208

Gnomad4 FIN AF: 0.0000944

Gnomad4 NFE AF: 0.0000294

Gnomad4 OTH AF: 0.00

Bravo AF: 0.0000227

ClinVar

Significance: Uncertain significance

Submissions summary: Uncertain:1

Revision: criteria provided, single submitter

Submissions by phenotype

DYRK1A-related intellectual disability syndrome Uncertain:1

Uncertain significance, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

Invitae

Sep 06, 2023

This variant, c.1842_1844dup, results in the insertion of 1 amino acid(s) of the DYRK1A protein (p.His619dup), but otherwise preserves the integrity of the reading frame. The frequency data for this variant in the population databases is considered unreliable, as metrics indicate poor data quality at this position in the gnomAD database. This variant has not been reported in the literature in individuals affected with DYRK1A-related conditions. ClinVar contains an entry for this variant (Variation ID: 539572). Experimental studies and prediction algorithms are not available or were not evaluated, and the functional significance of this variant is currently unknown. In summary, the available evidence is currently insufficient to determine the role of this variant in disease. Therefore, it has been classified as a Variant of Uncertain Significance. -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Splicing

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs760576043; hg19: chr21-38884369;