22-21772875-C-G

Position:

• chr22-21772875-C-G

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 15 ACMG points: 15P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_002745.5(MAPK1):​c.964G>C​(p.Glu322Gln) variant causes a missense, splice region change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. 2/3 splice prediction tools predicting alterations to normal splicing. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. E322K) has been classified as Likely pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: MAPK1 NM_002745.5 missense, splice_region
• Scores: Splicing: ADA: 0.9647
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:2
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.86

Genes affected

MAPK1 (HGNC:6871): (mitogen-activated protein kinase 1) This gene encodes a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. The activation of this kinase requires its phosphorylation by upstream kinases. Upon activation, this kinase translocates to the nucleus of the stimulated cells, where it phosphorylates nuclear targets. One study also suggests that this protein acts as a transcriptional repressor independent of its kinase activity. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein, but differing in the UTRs, have been reported for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 15 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 3 uncertain in NM_002745.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr22-21772875-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Likely_pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 376450.Status of the report is no_assertion_criteria_provided, 0 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), MAPK1. . Gene score misZ 3.6111 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 3.6223 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with Noonan syndrome 13.
• PP5: Variant 22-21772875-C-G is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr22-21772875-C-G is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 917748.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-21772875-C-G is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MAPK1	NM_002745.5	c.964G>C	p.Glu322Gln	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	7/9	ENST00000215832.11
MAPK1	NM_138957.3	c.964G>C	p.Glu322Gln	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	7/8

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MAPK1	ENST00000215832.11	c.964G>C	p.Glu322Gln	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	7/9	1	NM_002745.5	P1
MAPK1	ENST00000398822.7	c.964G>C	p.Glu322Gln	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	7/8	1		P1
MAPK1	ENST00000544786.1	c.832G>C	p.Glu278Gln	missense_variant, splice_region_variant	6/7	1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 29

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:2

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

Atypical behavior;C0349588:Short stature;C0424503:Abnormal facial shape;C3714756:Intellectual disability;C4025790:Specific learning disability;C4551563:Microcephaly Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

research

Tartaglia Lab, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital

Apr 01, 2020

- -

not provided Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

May 02, 2023

Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 32721402) -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.96
BayesDel_addAF	Uncertain	0.11	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	-0.080
CADD	Pathogenic	29
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Uncertain	0.77	D;D;.
Eigen	Pathogenic	0.86
Eigen_PC	Pathogenic	0.79
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.98	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	.;D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.026	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.66	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Uncertain	-0.044	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	4.2	H;H;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.74	T
PROVEAN	Uncertain	-2.6	D;D;D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.31
Sift	Uncertain	0.019	D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.012	D;D;D
Polyphen		1.0	D;D;.
Vest4		0.67
MutPred		0.65		Loss of phosphorylation at S320 (P = 0.1061);Loss of phosphorylation at S320 (P = 0.1061);.;
MVP		0.77
MPC		2.6
ClinPred		1.0	D
GERP RS		4.9
Varity_R		0.81
gMVP		0.89

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
dbscSNV1_ADA	Pathogenic	0.96
dbscSNV1_RF	Pathogenic	0.78
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs1057519911; hg19: chr22-22127164;