22-21772886-T-C

Position:

• chr22-21772886-T-C

Variant summary

Our verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 15 ACMG points: 15P and 0B. PM1 PM2 PM5 PP2 PP5_Very_Strong

The NM_002745.5(MAPK1):​c.953A>G​(p.Asp318Gly) variant causes a missense change involving the alteration of a conserved nucleotide. The variant was absent in control chromosomes in GnomAD project. Variant has been reported in ClinVar as Pathogenic (★★). Another variant affecting the same amino acid position, but resulting in a different missense (i.e. D318N) has been classified as Pathogenic.

• Frequency: Genomes: not found (cov: 32)
• Consequence: MAPK1 NM_002745.5 missense
• Clinical Significance: Pathogenic criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts P:3
• Conservation: PhyloP100: 7.97

Genes affected

MAPK1 (HGNC:6871): (mitogen-activated protein kinase 1) This gene encodes a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), act as an integration point for multiple biochemical signals, and are involved in a wide variety of cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, transcription regulation and development. The activation of this kinase requires its phosphorylation by upstream kinases. Upon activation, this kinase translocates to the nucleus of the stimulated cells, where it phosphorylates nuclear targets. One study also suggests that this protein acts as a transcriptional repressor independent of its kinase activity. The encoded protein has been identified as a moonlighting protein based on its ability to perform mechanistically distinct functions. Two alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding the same protein, but differing in the UTRs, have been reported for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jan 2014]

ACMG classification

Verdict is Pathogenic. Variant got 15 ACMG points.

• PM1: In a hotspot region, there are 3 aminoacids with missense pathogenic changes in the window of +-8 aminoacids around while only 0 benign, 2 uncertain in NM_002745.5
• PM2: Very rare variant in population databases, with high coverage
• PM5: Other missense variant is known to change same aminoacid residue: Variant chr22-21772887-C-T is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 917745.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars.
• PP2: Missense variant in gene, where missense usually causes diseases (based on misZ statistic), MAPK1. . Gene score misZ 3.6111 (greater than the threshold 3.09). Trascript score misZ 3.6223 (greater than threshold 3.09). GenCC has associacion of gene with Noonan syndrome 13.
• PP5: Variant 22-21772886-T-C is Pathogenic according to our data. Variant chr22-21772886-T-C is described in ClinVar as [Pathogenic]. Clinvar id is 917746.Status of the report is criteria_provided_multiple_submitters_no_conflicts, 2 stars. Variant chr22-21772886-T-C is described in Lovd as [Pathogenic].

Transcripts

RefSeq

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	MANE	UniProt
MAPK1	NM_002745.5	c.953A>G	p.Asp318Gly	missense_variant	7/9	ENST00000215832.11
MAPK1	NM_138957.3	c.953A>G	p.Asp318Gly	missense_variant	7/8

Ensembl

Gene	Transcript	HGVSc	HGVSp	Effect	#exon/exons	TSL	MANE	Appris	UniProt
MAPK1	ENST00000215832.11	c.953A>G	p.Asp318Gly	missense_variant	7/9	1	NM_002745.5	P1
MAPK1	ENST00000398822.7	c.953A>G	p.Asp318Gly	missense_variant	7/8	1		P1
MAPK1	ENST00000544786.1	c.821A>G	p.Asp274Gly	missense_variant	6/7	1

Frequencies

GnomAD3 genomes Cov.: 32

GnomAD4 exome Cov.: 30

GnomAD4 genome Cov.: 32

ClinVar

Significance: Pathogenic

Submissions summary: Pathogenic:3

Revision: criteria provided, multiple submitters, no conflicts

Submissions by phenotype

not provided Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

clinical testing

GeneDx

May 20, 2022

Published functional studies demonstrate a damaging gain of function effect (Motta et al., 2020); Not observed at significant frequency in large population cohorts (gnomAD); In silico analysis supports that this missense variant has a deleterious effect on protein structure/function; This variant is associated with the following publications: (PMID: 32721402) -

Atypical behavior;C0424503:Abnormal facial shape;C3714756:Intellectual disability;C4025790:Specific learning disability;CN130023:Heart, malformation of Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, criteria provided, single submitter

research

Tartaglia Lab, Genetics and Rare Diseases Research Division, Bambino Gesu' Children's Hospital

Apr 01, 2020

- -

Noonan syndrome 13 Pathogenic:1

Pathogenic, no assertion criteria provided

literature only

OMIM

Nov 09, 2020

- -

Computational scores

Source: dbNSFP v4.3

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
AlphaMissense	Pathogenic	0.97
BayesDel_addAF	Pathogenic	0.24	D
BayesDel_noAF	Uncertain	0.11
CADD	Pathogenic	28
DANN	Uncertain	1.0
DEOGEN2	Pathogenic	0.85	D;D;.
Eigen	Uncertain	0.55
Eigen_PC	Uncertain	0.56
FATHMM_MKL	Pathogenic	0.97	D
LIST_S2	Pathogenic	0.98	.;D;D
M_CAP	Benign	0.037	D
MetaRNN	Uncertain	0.74	D;D;D
MetaSVM	Benign	-0.34	T
MutationAssessor	Pathogenic	3.4	M;M;.
MutationTaster	Benign	1.0	D;D;D
PrimateAI	Uncertain	0.74	T
PROVEAN	Pathogenic	-6.1	D;D;D
REVEL	Uncertain	0.39
Sift	Uncertain	0.0010	D;D;D
Sift4G	Uncertain	0.032	D;D;D
Polyphen		0.77	P;P;.
Vest4		0.73
MutPred		0.59		Gain of catalytic residue at D318 (P = 0.0146);Gain of catalytic residue at D318 (P = 0.0146);.;
MVP		0.85
MPC		1.9
ClinPred		0.99	D
GERP RS		5.1
Varity_R		0.92
gMVP		0.88

Splicing

Name	Calibrated prediction	Score	Prediction
SpliceAI score (max)		0.0		Details are displayed if max score is > 0.2

Find out detailed SpliceAI scores and Pangolin per-transcript scores at spliceailookup.broadinstitute.org

Publications

LitVar

Other links and lift over

dbSNP: rs2068716907; hg19: chr22-22127175;